The Glaciers of the Alps: Being a narrative of excursions and ascents, an account of the origin and phenomena of glaciers and an exposition of the physical principles to which they are relatedTyndall, John
Science
The Glaciers of the Alps: Being a narrative of excursions and ascents, an account of the origin and phenomena of glaciers and an exposition of the physical principles to which they are related
Tyndall, John
Alps -- Description and travel; Glaciers -- Alps
From the Aiguille du Geant and Les Periades a glacier descended, which
was separated by the promontory of La Noire from the glacier proceeding
from the Col du Geant. A small moraine was formed between them, which is
marked _a_ upon the diagram, Fig. 7. The great mass of the glacier
descending from the Col du Geant came next, and this was bounded on the
side nearest to Trelaporte by a small moraine _b_, the origin of which I
could not see, its upper portion being shut out by a mountain
promontory. Between the moraine _b_ and the actual side of the valley
was another little glacier, derived from some of the lateral
tributaries. It was, however, between the moraines _a_ and _b_ that the
great mass of the Glacier du Geant really lay. At the promontory of the
Tacul the lateral moraines of the Glacier des Periades and of the
Glacier de Lechaud united to form the medial moraine _c_ of the Mer de
Glace. Carrying the eye across the Lechaud, we had the moraine _d_
formed by the union of the lateral moraines of the Lechaud and Talefre;
further to the left was the moraine _e_, which came from the Jardin, and
beyond it was the second lateral moraine of the Talefre. The Mer de
Glace is formed by the confluence of the whole of the glaciers here
named; being forced at Trelaporte through a passage, the width of which
appears considerably less than that of the single tributary, the Glacier
du Geant.
In the ice near Trelaporte the blue veins of the glacier are beautifully
shown; but they vary in distinctness according to the manner in which
they are looked at. When regarded obliquely their colour is not so
pronounced as when the vision plunges deeply into them. The weathered
ice of the surface near Trelaporte could be cloven with great facility;
I could with ease obtain plates of it a quarter of an inch thick, and
possessing two square feet of surface. On the 28th of July I followed
the veins several times from side to side across the Geant portion of
the Mer de Glace; starting from one side, and walking along the veins,
my route was directed obliquely downwards towards the axis of the
tributary. At the axis I was forced to turn, in order to keep along the
veins, and now ascended along a line which formed nearly the same angle
with the axis at the other side. Thus the veins led me as it were along
the two sides of a triangle, the vertex of which was near the centre of
the glacier. The vertex was, however, in reality rounded off, and the
figure rather resembled a hyperbola, which tended to coincidence with
its asymptotes. This observation corroborates those of Professor Forbes
with regard to the position of the veins, and, like him, I found that at
the centre the veining, whose normal direction would be transverse to
the glacier, was contorted and confused.
[Sidenote: WASTING OF ICE. 1857.]
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