The Glaciers of the Alps: Being a narrative of excursions and ascents, an account of the origin and phenomena of glaciers and an exposition of the physical principles to which they are relatedTyndall, John
Science
The Glaciers of the Alps: Being a narrative of excursions and ascents, an account of the origin and phenomena of glaciers and an exposition of the physical principles to which they are related
Tyndall, John
Alps -- Description and travel; Glaciers -- Alps
To the investigator of the structure nothing can be finer than the
appearance of the glacier from one of the ice terraces cut in the
Glacier du Geant by its passage round Trelaporte. As far as the vision
extended the dirt upon the surface of the ice was arranged in striae.
These striae were not always straight lines, nor were they unbroken
curves. Within slight limits the various parts into which a glacier is
cut up by its crevasses enjoy a kind of independent motion. The grooves,
for example, on two ridges which have been separated by a small fissure,
may one day have their striae perfect continuations of each other, but in
a short time this identity of direction may be destroyed by a difference
of motion between the ridges. Thus it is that the grooves upon the
surface above Trelaporte are bent hither and thither, a crack or seam
always marking the point where their continuity is ruptured. This
bending occurs, however, within limits sufficiently small to enable the
striae to preserve the same general direction.
[Sidenote: SEAMS OF WHITE ICE. 1857.]
My attention had often been attracted this day by projecting masses of
what at first appeared to be pure white snow, rising in seams above the
general surface of the glacier. On examination, however, I found them to
be compact ice, filled with innumerable air-cells, and so resistant as
to maintain itself in some places at a height of four feet above the
general level. When amongst the ridges they appeared discontinuous and
confused, being scattered apparently at random over the glacier; but
when viewed from a sufficient distance, the detached parts showed
themselves to belong to a system of white seams which swept quite across
the Glacier du Geant, in a direction concentric with the structure.
Unable to account for these singular seams, I climbed up among the
tributary glaciers on the Rognon side of the Glacier du Geant, and
remained there until the sun sank behind the neighbouring peaks, and the
fading light warned me that it was time to return.
FOOTNOTES:
[A] "Le petit Balmat" my host always called him.
[B] To such towers the name _Seracs_ is applied. In the chalets of
Savoy, after the richer curd has been precipitated by rennet, a stronger
acid is used to throw down what remains; an inferior kind of cheese
called _Serac_ is thus formed, the shape and colour of which have
suggested the application of the term to the cubical masses of ice.
(8.)
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