The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 02 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 02 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
‘_Dread Fairy King, I sacrifice before you,
How nobly do you stand! you have filled up my house,
You have brought me a wife when I had not one,
Instead of daughters you have given me sons.
You have shown me the ways of right,
You have given me many children._’”[205]
[Sidenote: Fertilising virtue attributed to trees.] Here the driving of
the goats to the stone on which the cedar had been placed is clearly
meant to impart to them the fertilising influence of the cedar. In
Northern India the _Emblica officinalis_ is a sacred tree. On the
eleventh of the month Phalgun (February) libations are poured at the
foot of the tree, a red or yellow string is bound about the trunk, and
prayers are offered to it for the fruitfulness of women, animals, and
crops.[206] Again, in Northern India the coco-nut is esteemed one of the
most sacred fruits, and is called Sriphala, or the fruit of Sri, the
goddess of prosperity. It is the symbol of fertility, and all through
Upper India is kept in shrines and presented by the priests to women who
desire to become mothers.[207] In the town of Qua, near Old Calabar,
there used to grow a palm-tree which ensured conception to any barren
woman who ate a nut from its branches.[208] In [Sidenote: Influence of
May-trees on cattle.] Europe the May-tree or May-pole is apparently
supposed to possess similar powers over both women and cattle. Thus in
some parts of Germany on the first of May the peasants set up May-trees
or May-bushes at the doors of stables and byres, one for each horse and
cow; this is thought to make the cows yield much milk.[209] Of the Irish
we are told that “they fancy a green bough of a tree, fastened on
May-day against the house, will produce plenty of milk that
summer.”[210] In Suffolk there was an old custom, observed in most
farm-houses, that any servant who could bring in a branch of hawthorn in
blossom on the first of May was entitled to a dish of cream for
breakfast.[211] Similarly, “in parts of Cornwall, till certainly ten
years ago, any child who brought to a dairy on May morning a piece of
hawthorn in bloom, or a piece of fresh bracken, long enough to surround
the earthenware bowl in which cream is kept, was given a bowl of
cream.”[212] On May Day English milkmaids used to dance with garlands on
their pails. One May morning long ago Pepys on his way to Westminster
saw many of them dancing thus to the music of a fiddle while pretty Nel
Gwynne, in her smock sleeves and bodice, watched them from the door of
her lodgings in Drury-lane.[213]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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