18. He who believeth in Christ escapes the judgment of condemnation; but he who believeth not is already condemned, because, inasmuch as he has not believed, “the wrath of God,” _i.e._, original sin (Eph. ii. 3) and its effects in actual sin, remain upon him (verse 36); and he has rejected the only means whereby he could be delivered from them. It is as it a physician were sent to the sick, says St. Augustine, they who come to him are cured; they who come not, perish; not through him, however, but because of their disease. 19. Hoc est autem iudicium: 19. And this is the judgment: quia lux venit in mundum, et because the light is come into dilexerunt homines magis the world, and men loved tenebras quam lucem: erant darkness rather than the enim eorum mala opera. light: for their works were evil. 19. This is the _reason_ of the condemnation, namely, that men do not come to the light, but rather shrink from it, through the fear of being forced by an awakened conscience to abandon sin. 20. Omnis enim qui male agit, 20. For every one that doth odit lucem, et non venit ad evil hateth the light, and lucem, ut non arguantur opera cometh not to the light, that eius: his works may not be reproved: 20. *For every one that doth evil*, and, as St. Chrys. explains determines to _remain_ in his wickedness, *hateth the light, and cometh not to the light, that his works may not be reproved*. 21. Qui autem facit veritatem, 21. But he that doth truth, venit ad lucem, ut cometh to the light, that his manifestentur opera eius, quia works may be made manifest, in Deo sunt facta. because they are done in God. 21. *But he that doth the ** truth*; that is to say, what truth directs, or rather the practical truth of good works, for right action is the realization of true thought, *cometh to the light*, by accepting the faith of Christ, by believing (v. 18). *That his works may be made manifest.* Just as he who does evil, and intends to persist in it, shuns the light, in order that his works may not be reproved (v. 20), so he who does good, and means to persevere in it, comes to the light and believes, in order that his works may be approved. The antithesis between this and the preceding verse, shows that the manifestation of which there is question here is equivalent to approval; and indeed, from the nature of the case, the manifestation of such works in the light of Christian truth would be necessarily followed by their approval, not only by God, but also by the enlightened judgment of him who wrought them.