5. The aims of the government forces and the organs of local self-government in the sphere of the control of lands, underground riches, forests, and waters constitute: (_a_) The creation of conditions most favorable to the greater exploitation of the natural wealth of the land and the highest development of productive forces; (_b_) The equitable distribution of all natural wealth among the population. 6. The right of any person or institution to land, underground resources, forests, and waters is limited only to the utilization thereof. 7. All citizens of the Russian Republic, and also unions of such citizens and states and social institutions, may become users of land, underground resources, forests, and waters, without regard to nationality or religion. 8. The land rights of such users are to be obtained, become effective, and cease under the terms laid down by this law. 9. Land rights belonging at present to private persons, groups, and institutions, in so far as they conflict with this law, are herewith abrogated. 10. The transformation of all lands, underground strata, forests, and waters, belonging at present to private persons, groups, or institutions, into popular property is to be made without recompense to such owners. After they had dispersed the Constituent Assembly the Bolsheviki published their famous “Declaration of the Rights of the Laboring and Exploited People,” containing their program for “socialization of the land,” taken bodily from the Socialists-Revolutionists. This declaration had been first presented to the Constituent Assembly when the Bolsheviki demanded its adoption by that body. The paragraphs relating to the socialization of the land read: 1. To effect the socialization of the land, private ownership of land is abolished, and the whole land fund is declared common national property and transferred to the laborers without compensation, on the basis of equalized use of the soil. All forests, minerals, and waters of state-wide importance, as well as the whole inventory of animate and inanimate objects, all estates and agricultural enterprises, are declared national property.