________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | Saponi- | Acidity | | | Optical | Refractive | | fication | (as Oleic | Titre, | Iodine No. | Rotation | Index at | | Equi- | Acid) | deg.C. | | [alpha]_{D} | 25 deg. C. | | valent | Per Cent. | | | | | |___________|___________|________|____________|_____________|____________| | | | | | | | | 310 | 1.5 | 2.8 | 84.1 |+ 4 deg. 50' | 1.4787 | |___________|___________|________|____________|_____________|____________| _Fish and Marine Animal Oils._--Various oils of this class have, until recently, entered largely into the composition of soft soaps, but a demand has now arisen for soft soaps made from vegetable oils. We quote a few typical analyses of these oils:-- _________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | Specific | Saponi- | Acidity | | Unsaponi- | | | Gravity | fication | (as Oleic | Titre, | fiable | | | at 15 | Equi- | Acid) | deg.C. | Matter | | | deg.C. | valent | Per Cent. | | Per Cent. | |__________________|__________|__________|___________|________|___________| | | | | | | | | Pale seal oil | 0.9252 | 289 | 0.947 | 15.5 | 0.8 | | Straw seal oil | 0.9231 | 288 | 4.77 | 15.8 | 1.2 | | Brown seal oil | 0.9253 | 291 | 16.38 | 16.2 | 1.9 | | Whale oil | 0.9163 | 297 | 1.49 | 16.1 | 1.8 | | Dark whale oil | 0.9284 | 303 | 12.60 | 21.8 | 2.4 | | Japan fish oil | 0.9336 | 296 | 4.79 | 26 | 0.67 | | Japan fish oil | 0.9325 | 302 | 10.43 | 28 | 1.55 | | Brown cod oil | 0.9260 | 313 | 14.91 | 21.8 | 1.9 | | Pure herring oil | 0.9353 | 288 | 11.39 | 21.6 | 1.5 | | Kipper oil | 0.9271 | 297 | 5.14 | 22.7 | 3.25 | |__________________|__________|__________|___________|________|___________| _Waste Fats._--Under this classification may be included marrow fat, skin greases, bone fats, animal grease, melted stuff from hotel and restaurant refuse, and similar fatty products. The following is a fair typical selection:--