[84] "Rigveda," 2, 38, according to Roth's translation, "Z. D. M. G." 1870, 306 ff. [85] Muir, _loc. cit._ 5, 171 ff. Kaegi, "Rigveda," 2, 43. [86] Kuhn, "Herabkunft des Feuers," s. 66. [87] "Rigveda," 1, 51, 5; 2, 12, 12. [88] "Rigveda," 1, 32, according to Roth's translation; cf. Benfey, "Orient," 1, 46. [89] "Rigveda," 1, 11; 1, 121. [90] Indra is derived by Benfey from _syand_, "to flow," "to drop," in which case we shall have to refer it to the rain-bringing power of the god. Others have proposed a derivation from _idh_, _indh_, "to kindle;" others from _indra_, "blue." In any case, Andra, the corresponding name in the Rigveda, must not be left out of consideration. [91] Muir, _loc. cit._ 5, 144. [92] Roth, "Zwei Lieder des Rigveda, Z. D. M. G.," 1870, 301 ff. Muir, _loc. cit._ 5, 147 ff. [93] "Rigveda," 4, 30; "Samaveda," Benfey, 1, 3, 2, 1. 1, 4, 1, 1. [94] "Samaveda," Benfey, _loc. cit._ [95] "Rigveda," 3, 59, in Muir, _loc. cit._ 5, 69. [96] "Rigveda," 1, 115, 1 in Benfey; "Orient," 3, 157; "Rigveda," 6, 51, 2; 7, 61, 1; 7, 63, 4; in Muir, _loc. cit._ 5, 157. [97] "Atharvaveda," 4, 16, according to M. Müller's translation "Essays," 1, 40, 41. Cf. Roth, "Atharvaveda," 8. 19. [98] "Rigveda," 7, 86, 89, according to Müller's rendering, "Essays," 1, 38, 39; cf. Muir's translation, _loc. cit._ 5, 63 ff. [who reads "like an inflated skin" for "like a cloud," etc.] [99] Windischmann, "Abh. der Münch. Akademie," 1847, s. 129. [100] "Samaveda," 1, 6, 2, 2; "Rigveda," 1, 2, 2; 1, 5, 5, and elsewhere. [101] "Samaveda," Benfey, 1, 4, 1, 1; 5, 2, 4, 1, 15, and elsewhere. [102] Muir, _loc. cit._ 5, 98, ff. [103] "Samaveda," Benfey, 1, 3, 2, 4. [104] "Samaveda," 2, 8, 2, 6. [105] "Samaveda," 1, 4, 1, 2; 2, 9, 2, 9. [106] "Samaveda," 1, 6, 2, 1. [107] "Rigveda," 1, 32; "Samaveda," 1, 3, 2, 4. [108] "Rigveda," 5, 31, 10; 1, 63, 2; 2, 20, 8; 1, 54, 8. [109] "Rigveda," 1, 126, 2, 3. [110] "Rigveda," 4, 50, 8, 9. Roth, "Z. D. M. G.," 1, 77. Lassen, _loc. cit._ 1^2, 951. [111] M. Müller, "Z. D. M. G.," 9, 16. These bright bodies of the fathers led to the idea that the souls of the fathers had adorned the heaven with stars, and that they were these stars. "Rigveda," 10, 68, 11. [112] "Atharvaveda," 3, 29, 3; in Muir, _loc. cit._ 5, 310. [113] Muir, _loc. cit._ 5, 308, 309, 311. In the later portion of the Rigveda, 10, 15, the old conception of the fathers is already changed. Three classes of fathers are distinguished, and burning and non-burning are mentioned side by side. [114] "Aitareya-Brahmana," 2, 17; in Muir, _loc. cit._ 5, 322. [115] "Rigveda," 10, 18; according to Roth's rendering, "Z. D. M. G.," 8, 468 ff. [116] "Rigveda," 10, 15, 14; in Muir, _loc. cit._ 5, 297. [117] "Atharvaveda," 18, 2, 37; in Muir, _loc. cit._ 5, 294. [118] M. Müller, "Die Todtenbestattung der Brahmanen," s. 14 ff. [119] "Rigveda," 9, 113, 7 ff. CHAPTER III. THE CONQUEST OF THE LAND OF THE GANGES.