+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------+ | Silver. | Gold. | +-------+--------------+-------+--------+----------+-----------+-----------+ | | Weight of | | | Weight | | Price in | | Date. | the Silver | Date. | Coin. | in | Value | Pence per | | | Penny in | | | Grains. | Declared.| Grain of | | | Troy Grains. | | | | | Gold. | +-------+--------------+-------+--------+----------+-----------+-----------+ | | | | | | _s._ _d._ | | | 1300 | 22 | 1344 | Florin | 108 | 6 0 | 0.6666 | | 1344 | 20-1/4 | 1344 | Noble | 138-6/13 | 6 8 | 0.5777 | | 1346 | 20 | 1346 | ... | 128-4/7 | 6 8 | 0.6222 | | 1351 | 18 | 1353 | ... | 120 | 6 8 | 0.6666 | | 1412 | 15 | 1414 | ... | 108 | 6 8 | 0.7407 | | 1464 | 12 | 1460 | ... | 120 | 8 4 | 0.7500 | | | | 1470 | Angel | 80 | 6 8 | 1.0000 | +-------+--------------+-------+--------+----------+-----------+-----------+ In the first issue of Edward III. the Troy grain of gold had been valued at .6666 of a penny. At such rate it was overvalued and refused, and in the second issue of the same year the value was dropped to .5777 of a penny. Gradually, as the ratio on the Continent changed, and came to bear on the English rate, this was in its turn found an under-valuation, and only two years later, 1346, the value was raised to .6222, making a ratio of 11.57 to 1. The change was made in consequence of loud and serious complaints of the scarcity of coin, good money being carried out and false "Lusshebournes" (Luxembourgs), worth only 8s. in the pound, being brought in. The grievance was so great that Parliament petitioned Edward most urgently to interfere, instancing in special the Lombards, "that they purchased English florins at a lower rate than that which was appointed," and praying "that such persons should not buy or sell the said money, nor make any agreement, in the sale of their merchandise, what money they would receive in rejection of English money." To this it was answered, that it should be commanded throughout England that all persons should receive for their merchandise gold, according to the currency ordained, without any agreement to be made, under pain of imprisonment and heavy ransom, and when any agreement had been made it should be at the will of the purchaser to pay money of gold or silver as he should think fit. At the same time, an ordinance was issued forbidding any person to carry out the King's good money or to bring in counterfeit. [Sidenote: EDWARD III.'S CHANGES OF RATIO]