The history of England, from the earliest times to the Norman ConquestHodgkin, Thomas
History
The history of England, from the earliest times to the Norman Conquest
Hodgkin, Thomas
Great Britain -- History -- To 1066
All seemed going splendidly for Roman dominion in Britain when a
breathless messenger brought to the tent of Suetonius (A.D. 60)[11] a
tale not unlike that with which we were thrilled half a century ago at
the outbreak of the Indian mutiny. The outburst of the flame of British
discontent was in the country of the Iceni, and the exciting cause was
the shameless and heartless greed of the Roman officials. The capital
of the new province at this time seems to have been Cymbeline’s old
city, Camulodunum (the modern Colchester), which had been turned into
a Roman colony, a place in which the time-expired veterans might spend
their old age, surrounded by their families, and lording it with no
gentle mastership over their British slaves. High in this town, which
took its name from Camulus, the Celtic war-god, rose the great temple
dedicated to Claudius and Rome, a temple which was almost a fortress;
but the town itself was surrounded by no walls, a piece of improvidence
for which Tacitus justly blames the generals, who were thinking more
of pleasurable ease than of military utility. In the chief house of
the colony resided Catus Decianus, the _procurator_, who represented
the emperor in all civil and financial matters, as Suetonius, the
_legatus_, represented him in military affairs. Of all the grasping
and unjust officials who made the name of the empire hated, this Catus
seems to have been one of the worst. While oppressing the peasants by
rigorous exaction of tribute, he demanded from the chiefs the return
of the property (probably the result of confiscations from their own
fellow-countrymen) which Claudius had bestowed upon them, saying that
gifts such as this, of course, reverted to the giver. The financial
distress of the unhappy province was aggravated, according to Dion, by
the selfish timidity of the philosopher Seneca, Nero’s minister, who
chose this opportunity suddenly and harshly to call in loans to the
amount of 10,000,000 sesterces (about £90,000 sterling), which he had
lent at usurious rates of interest to the natives or the settlers in
Britain.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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