The History of the Assassins, Derived from Oriental SourcesHammer-Purgstall, Joseph, Freiherr von
History
The History of the Assassins, Derived from Oriental Sources
Hammer-Purgstall, Joseph, Freiherr von
Assassins (Ismailites)
We have seen above, that the first founder of secret societies in the
heart of Islamism, Abdollah Maimun, the son of Kaddah, established
seven degrees of his doctrine, for which reason, as well as their
opinions concerning the seven imams, his disciples obtained the
by-name of Seveners. This appellation, which had been assigned,
hitherto, to the western Ismailites, although they had increased
the number of grades from seven to nine, was, with greater justice,
transferred to their new branch, the eastern Ismailites or Assassins,
whose founder, Hassan, the son of Sabah, not only restored the grades
to their original number, seven, but also sketched out for the Dais,
or missionaries, a particular rule of conduct, consisting of seven
points, which had reference, not so much to the gradual enlightenment
of those who were to be taught, as to the necessary qualifications of
the teachers; and was the proper rubric of the order.
The introductory rule was called Ashinai-risk (_knowledge of the
calling_), and comprised the maxims of the knowledge of mankind,
necessary to the selection of subjects suited to the initiated. Several
proverbs, of much vogue among the Dais, had relation to this; they
contained a sense different from their literal meaning:—“Sow not in
barren soil;” “Speak not in a house, where there is a lamp;” implied
“Waste not your words on the incapable;” “Venture not to speak them in
the presence of a lawyer;” for it was equally dangerous to engage with
blockheads, as with men of tried knowledge and probity; because the
former misunderstand, and the latter unmask, the doctrine, and neither
would be available either as teachers or instruments. These allegorical
sentences, and the prudential rules so necessary to avoid all chance
of discovery, remind us of a secret society of high antiquity, and
a celebrated order of modern times;—in short, of Pythagoras and the
Jesuits. The mysterious adages of the former, which have come down
to us, and whose peculiar sense is now unintelligible, were probably
nothing more than similar maxims to the initiated in his doctrine;
and the political prudence in the selection of subjects fit for the
different designs of a society, reached the highest perfection in that
of Jesus. Thus the Pythagoreans and the Jesuits have a resemblance
to the Assassins. The second rule of conduct was called Teenis,
(_gaining confidence_), and taught them to gain over candidates by
flattering their inclinations and passions. As soon as they were won,
it was requisite, in the third place, to involve them, by a thousand
doubts and questions concerning the positive religious commands and
absurdities of the Koran, in a maze of scruples, which were not to be
resolved, and of uncertainty, which was not to be disentangled.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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