=Treatment.=--A thorough painting of the tonsils at the onset of a threatened attack of quinsy with the silver-nitrate solution, as recommended under tonsilitis, may cut short the disorder. A single dose of calomel (three to five grains) is also useful for the same purpose. The tincture of aconite should be taken hourly in three-drop doses until five such have been swallowed, when the drug is to be no longer used. The constant use of a hot flaxseed poultice (as large as the whole hand and an inch thick, spread between thin layers of cotton and applied as hot as can be borne, and changed every half hour) gives more relief than anything else, and may possibly lead to disappearance of the trouble if employed early enough. The use of the poultices is to be kept up until recovery, although they need not be applied so frequently as at first. A surgeon's services are especially desirable in this disorder, as early puncture of the peritonsillar tissue may save days of suffering in affording exit for pus as soon as it forms. =DIPHTHERIA.=--The consideration of diphtheria will be limited to emphasizing the importance of calling in expert medical advice at the earliest possible moment in suspicious cases of throat trouble. For, as we noted under tonsilitis, it is impossible in some cases to decide, from the appearance of the throat, whether the disease is diphtheria or tonsilitis. A specimen of secretion removed from the throat for microscopical examination by a bacteriologist as to the presence of diphtheria germs alone will determine the point. When such an examination is impossible, it is always best to isolate the patient, especially if a child, and treat the case as if it were diphtheria. Diphtheria may invade the nose and be discoverable in the nostrils. A chronic membranous rhinitis should be treated as a case of walking diphtheria.