As a matter of fact, if the Jews, those Syrians who still maintain
the ancient form of animal sacrifice, were to urge us to adopt their
method, we should probably find the practice repellent. Their system
is the following: they do not eat of the sacrificial flesh, but burn
all of it at night, after they have poured a great deal of honey and
wine upon it. The sacrifice they seek to complete rather rapidly, so
that the All-Seer may not become a witness of pollution. Throughout
the entire time, inasmuch as they are philosophers by race, they
discuss the nature of the Deity among themselves, and spend the
night in observing the stars, looking up at them and invoking them
as divine in their prayers.
As Reinach points out,[82] there is scarcely a correct word in this
description considered as an account of actual Jewish sacrificial rites.
If we have a correct, or even approximately correct, version of
Theophrastus’ report, he or his informant was curiously misinformed.
This informant obviously could not have been a Jew. No Jew could have
been so ignorant of the customs of his people. Nor did his statement
come directly from any one who had actually witnessed, from the Court of
the Gentiles, even a small part of a Jewish sacrifice. It may well be
that we have before us an inextricable confusion between Jewish and
other Syrian rites. We are left to wholly uncontrolled speculation, if
we are bent on knowing whence Theophrastus derived the assertions he
makes here.
The important words of the passage are found in the casual phrase
ἅτε φιλόσοφοι τὸ γένος ὄντες, “inasmuch as they are
philosophers by race.” The phrasing indicates that this aspect of the
Jews is not wholly new. Word had come to Theophrastus, and to others
before him, of a Syrian people not far from the coast, whose ritual in
some respects—though the transmission is confused as to what
respects—differed from that of their neighbors, but whose customs were
strikingly different in one particular, that part of their divine
observance was some form of theologic discussion. That, as we know, was
a fact, since “houses of prayer”—we may call them synagogues—already
existed. This reference to them is the one kernel of observed fact in
this whole description, however indirectly obtained.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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