The Journal of Lieut. John L. Hardenbergh of the Second New York Continental Regiment from May 1 to October 3, 1779, in General Sullivan's Campaign Against the Western Indians: With an Introduction, Copious Historical Notes, and Maps of the Battle-field of Newtown and Groveland AmbuscadeHardenbergh, John Leonard
History
The Journal of Lieut. John L. Hardenbergh of the Second New York Continental Regiment from May 1 to October 3, 1779, in General Sullivan's Campaign Against the Western Indians: With an Introduction, Copious Historical Notes, and Maps of the Battle-field of Newtown and Groveland Ambuscade
Hardenbergh, John Leonard
Sullivan's Indian Campaign, 1779; United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783 -- Personal narratives
A few of Boyd's party who were acting as flankers escaped, five or six
fell near the trail and were found when the army advanced, the
remainder retreated a short distance north to a clump of trees, where
their bodies were found all near together, and where all the bodies
were buried on the return march of the army on the 16th. During the
construction of the bridge a guard had been established west of the
inlet, and Captain Lodge with his party engaged in making their
surveys, had advanced some distance up the hill; the bridge was about
completed when the fugitive flankers came rushing down the hill
pursued by small parties of the enemy. Hand's brigade immediately
advanced up the hill to the position occupied by the enemy in the
morning, where he found the packs of the enemy in the position they
had left a few minutes previous. He remained here in line of battle
until the army had crossed, and formed for the advance up the hill.
[91] Capt. Benjamin Lodge, with a party of assistants accompanied the
army and with chain and compass surveyed the entire route of the army
from Easton to the great Genesee town. On the return march he
accompanied Col. Butler's expedition through the Cayuga country.
[92] CORPORAL CALHAWN, a volunteer, died the next day.
[93] GATHTSEGWAROHARE, so called by Nukerck; _Gaghegwalahale_ by
Dearborn; _Cassawauloughly_ by Hardenburgh, was seven miles directly
west of Kanaghsaws, on the east side of Canaseraga creek about two
miles above its confluence with the Genesee river. Here is a beautiful
plateau of about six acres, admirably adapted for an Indian town, at
present occupied by the house and surrounding grounds of the widely
known "Hermitage," the ancestral home of the Carolls. The town
contained twenty-five houses, mostly new, and appears to have been
located on both sides of the stream north of the Caroll mansion. The
tribe residing here called Squa-tche-gas by Sullivan; by the Onondagas
Tchoueragak, signifying wild cats; by Cusic Squakihows, and by others
Kah-kwas, were the same that afterward settled at Squakie-Hill, to
whom was reserved the two square miles in the Big Tree Treaty of 1797.
They were a remnant of one of the tribes of the historic Eries, who
occupied the territory to the south and east of Lake Erie whose blood,
language, and league did not differ materially from the Iroquois Five
Nations. After a terrible conflict, and many bloody battles the Eries
were finally overthrown about the year 1655, and a remnant
incorporated with the league. They were permitted to live by
themselves, to have a separate council fire and keep up a show of
tribal rites, but were really vassals to do the bidding of their
masters. Boyd and his party reached this town about at the break of
day on the morning of the 13th, and found it abandoned. He sent two of
his men to report to Gen. Sullivan and concealed his force in the
adjacent woods. Soon after four Indians on horseback entered the town,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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