“Penological questions were answered by monograph reports, such as relation of crimes to misdemeanor in the United States; reports to show the penalty and charges; result of the combined work was one of great value, for one cannot go to Paris or elsewhere to the meeting--to know that his contribution will be translated. “He spoke of the United States Reformatory statistics being deficient, and of the prison management of the cellular or separate system in the United States department as very meagre, and now almost abandoned in the United States, and yet almost wholly installed in every country, and new prisons now building throughout Europe, with a system of centralization suggested by the State of New York, but while New York State prisoners share in the earning, all Europe is to the contrary. “After thirty years of fraternal conference at these Association meetings, is there anything we can agree upon as principles, to lay down and not regret the cellular system? The whole matter of child-saving was conservative, but it layed on the fact of education. Alcoholism should be banished, the army canteen, etc. France strenuously opposed it. Throughout all Europe you see the influence of John Howard and Dr. Wines. England has taken prisons entirely out of politics, and the criminal insane is treated from a medical standpoint. Most of Europe has adopted the Bertillon system, and only a very small part of the United States, as yet. “Of labor, there is no difference in any country, and good behavior earns a shortened sentence. In the United States, twenty States have adopted this rebate of sentence, seventeen the parole system in whole or in part, six an indeterminate sentence in part. Transportation as a punishment in Russia has been given up. The United States had the honor to start this International Congress, which has been continued by other countries, and now the United States again agrees to do her part by appointment. Personal intercourse and association is the bond of brotherhood inspiration.” ADDRESS--HON. C. V. COLLINS, SUPT. N. Y. STATE PRISONS. “_Education as an Element of Reform Among Criminals._” “The course of education, training and discipline in a penal institution should be one that would stimulate, develop and strengthen the criminal physically, mentally and morally--one that will show and impress upon him the folly and personal loss of defying the laws, and becoming an outcast, and that will lead him to understand, and therefore to desire the benefits that honesty, sobriety, industry and thrift will afford him; that is, to aim to create in him a desire for, and abhorrence of, the associations, the conditions and penalties of a criminal life, and instil into him a respect and desire for the associations, conditions and regards of an upright life. The ideal penal institutions should combine with elementary mental training and the functions of a sanitarium, a reformatory and an industrial school.