The Journal of Prison Discipline and Philanthropy (New Series, No. 40, January 1901)Pennsylvania Prison Society
Religion
The Journal of Prison Discipline and Philanthropy (New Series, No. 40, January 1901)
Pennsylvania Prison Society
Charities -- Periodicals; Prisons -- Periodicals
In it was recommended the experimental establishment of laboratories in
selected institutions for the study of the physical, psychological,
and social facts of criminal life and nature, such laboratories to be
in charge of experts under the control of superintendents. What is
proposed for prisons and reformatories is a laboratory conducted by a
specialist for the scientific study of prison populations, with special
reference at first to obvious practical needs of the administration in
the discipline and training of prisoners.
The studies would be (1st) Physical: the anatomy and physiology of
prisoners, measurements of sensations, and other mental manipulations,
and the heredity of the prisoners; (2nd) Psychological: the mental,
emotional, and voluntary life; the tastes, ideas, knowledge, motions,
etc.; (3rd) Social: the domestic, industrial, neighborhood, legal,
political, and religious environment and culture.
The committee was continued--directed to gather more information
for next year; also urged to interest the Attorney General of the
United States with the view to establish a laboratory by the National
Government at the Government prison.
TUESDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 24TH.
“_Criminal Law Reform._”
Judge Martin Dewey Follet, of Marietta, Ohio, gave a brief synopsis of
the report (which was not read).
REPORT ON “PREVENTATIVE AND REFORMATORY WORK,” GEORGE TORRANCE,
PONTIAC, ILL., SUPERINTENDENT STATE REFORMATORY.
It was his personal views, and not those of the committee. Nearly the
whole morning was taken up in its discussion. This was the first time
figures were even given based on the actual investigation of the cause
of crime.
On the matter of heredity and environment, he said in part: “I have no
hesitation in saying that at least 85 per cent. of all men and boys
who have committed crime, if taken charge of in time and subjected
to proper treatment, will become good citizens.” IF physicians and
professors who believe that heredity is the direct cause of crime is
true, then it cannot be done, but their theory is not correct, nor
FOUNDED ON FACTS.
It is true unquestionably, that there are hereditary criminals, but
they constitute a very small per cent. of the whole number. For the
purpose of putting this controversy to the test of facts, I have had
an investigation made of the record and family history, so far as
the commission of crime is concerned. Of 1,000 boys admitted to the
Illinois State Reformatory, between Oct. 26, 1897 and Oct. 23, 1898,
these figures would be substantially true of any other thousand, as
they are taken consecutively; and were from the city, villages and farm.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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