Throughout _Wuthering Heights_ we hear mention of Gimmerton, but it is
apparent the village was "dim and dreamy" to Charlotte Brontë--somewhere
about the little valley we should imagine, to conclude by general
observations. However, clear it is that Gimmerton and Gimmerden were
drawn by Charlotte Brontë merely from impressions created in her mind by
other than a personal acquaintance with the district. Where then, and in
what peculiar circumstances, did Charlotte receive these
suggestions--suggestions that must have appealed to her at a time
immediately coincident with her commencing this foundling story with
the house of mystery, the inhospitable host, the uncouth man-servant,
and the candle-bearing bedside visitant--all from Montagu's book? My
evidence declares these suggestions also came from Montagu's little
work, and that the originals of Gimmerton in _Wuthering Heights_, and
Gimmerden, or the valley of Gimmerton, were Malham and Malhamdale, or
the valley of Malham. This district Montagu describes as being "most
interesting ... in its own variety of wildness."
I believe Kilnsey Crags, which Montagu describes on the last page of the
letter next to that written from Malham, figured in Charlotte Brontë's
mind as the originals of Peniston Crags ("Peniston" may have been
suggested by Montagu's mention of Pennigent). Montagu's description of
Kilnsey Crags I will place side by side with the reference to Peniston
Crags in _Wuthering Heights_:--
MONTAGU. _Wuthering Heights._
Chapter XVIII.
KILNSEY CRAGS. PENISTON CRAGS.
A lofty range of limestone rocks The abrupt descent of Peniston
... stretching nearly half a Crags particularly attracted her
mile along the valley, and notice; especially when the
rendered perhaps, more striking setting sun shone on it and the
by contrasting with the vale topmost heights, and the whole
immediately at its base. extent of the landscape, besides
[by contrasting] lay in shadow.
Clearly Joseph's "leading of lime" from Peniston Crags in _Wuthering
Heights_ was suggested to Charlotte Brontë by the "Kiln" of Kilnsea
Crags, and Montagu's reference to the crags being limestone. Dean
describes them to Cathy, and her words are simply Montagu's
description--treated antithetically--of Gordale Scar in the Malham
letter:--
MONTAGU. _Wuthering Heights._
Chapter XVIII.
In the clefts in the rocks' They were bare masses of stone,
sides, or wherever a lodgement with hardly enough earth in
of earth appears [is] the ... their clefts to nourish ... a
yew. tree.... One of the maids
mentioning the Fairy Cave, quite
turned her head....
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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