We placed upon this hot plate a basin containing 1 pint of water (equals 1 pound) and heated it from the temperature of the room (68 degrees) to boiling (212 degrees) in 7 minutes and then put an egg in and boiled it 3 minutes. Using 4 amperes for 10 minutes cost two thirds of a cent. If it takes 7 minutes to boil a pint of water it would require 1 hour to boil a gallon upon this hot plate using 4 amperes, or 448 watts. That is, it costs us about 4.5 cents a gallon to boil water by electricity. The cost is usually put at three and a half cents per gallon, but much depends upon conditions. 3. _Traveller's Cooker_ (Fig. 75).--This consists of a hot plate with a covered basin permanently attached to it. 4. _Electric Coffee Percolator_ (Fig. 76) consists of a hot plate with a coffee percolator to sit upon it. The coffee percolator might sit upon any other hot plate or this hot plate might serve any other purpose, but people do not seem to think of that. [Illustration: Fig. 76] 5. _Electric Chafing-Dish_ (Fig. 77) consists merely of an electric hot plate with a chafing-dish attached. The electric coffee percolators and chafing dishes require from 300 to 600 watts according to size. If used on the 110-volt current they take about 3 to 6 amperes, and if adapted to the 220-volt current they take from 1-1/2 to 3 amperes, but cost the same to operate in either case. They have connected with them flexible cords and plugs to screw into the lamp sockets. [Illustration: Fig. 77] 6. _Electric Broilers_ are merely hot plates, generally corrugated to conduct off the melted fat. One that we examined had a switch for three heats: low, requiring 360 watts--costs 3.6 cents per hour; medium, requiring 600 watts--cost 6 cents per hour; high, requiring 1280 watts--cost 12.8 cents per hour. 7. _Electric Oven._--This one has double walls to retain the heat and has two large hot plates, one on the bottom and one on the top. It is large enough to hold four loaves of bread. It required 1520 watts for 40 minutes to heat it to the baking temperature and one hour to bake the bread. Hence the cost of the electricity is about 25 cents, about what the bread would cost in the market. 8. _Electric Incubator._--This is simply a well-ventilated oven warmed by an electric hot plate and automatically controlled so that it keeps a constant temperature of 103 degrees. Under these conditions chickens hatch from hens' eggs in three weeks. An incubator for 5 dozen eggs was found to take 25 cents' worth of electricity for the whole process of incubation. 9. _Electric Toaster._--The wire coiled up in sad irons and hot plates becomes hot enough to scorch cloth and paper, and even set fire to them if they come in direct contact. We proved this by opening the iron and touching paper to the wire while it was carrying the current. We also lighted a cigar by touching it to the wire. Electric toasters have the hot German silver wire simply covered by a screen.