World War, 1914-1918 -- Campaigns -- Balkan Peninsula
Of the sectors held by the French two were particularly hard--that of
Hill 1248, north of Monastir, and around the city, and the eastern part
of the Cerna loop, which presented features similar to those of our
own sector. The other French sectors were extremely uncomfortable, as
was indeed the whole of the Macedonian front, but less dangerous from
a purely military point of view. The Monastir area was exceptionally
hard, inasmuch as the town exercised a peculiar fascination over the
Bulgars--to them it was the symbol of Macedonia, the Mecca of their
Balkan aspirations; indeed almost the only territory not yet occupied
by them to which they laid claim, and which they had reasonable hopes
of acquiring. They therefore maintained a relentless and vigorous
pressure on those lines in the hope of breaking through and achieving
not only a strategic victory of considerable importance, but also a
highly significant moral and sentimental success. The German Command
at one time was anxious to withdraw from the Monastir area altogether,
but the opposition of Bulgaria to this plan for once prevailed. The
struggle round the town therefore continued with great violence,
and the troops on Hill 1248 had to keep a ceaseless vigil, sustain
perpetual attacks or deliver counter-attacks, and were always under the
fire of heavy bombardments. Monastir itself suffered severely as it
sheltered various staffs, and also many batteries of artillery.
The A.F.O. front was reached by railway to Armenohor (the station
for Florina) or Sakulevo, and thence by road and décauville to the
first lines, but supply trains at night went almost into Monastir.
For the troops west of the Pisoderi pass a “telepheric” line was used
for supplies, but it sufficed only for a small part of the necessary
materials, and the rest had to be conveyed by lorry or cart. The two
divisions in the eastern half of the Cerna loop were supplied by the
same routes as those used by the Italians. The H.Q. of the A.F.O. was
at Florina, a pleasant little town at the foot of the Pisoderi pass,
well watered by many runnels and adorned with trees. The troops of the
_Premier groupement_ (122nd Division and Greek units) were supplied by
the Vardar railway to a certain point, and thence by road.
CHAPTER IV
THE BRITISH SALONICA FORCE
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