Sepals 6, with 3 or 4 small bractlets at the base, ovate-oblong. Petals 6 thick and gland-like somewhat kidney-shaped or hooded bodies, with short claws, much smaller than the sepals, one at the base of each of them. Stamens 6; anthers oblong. Pistil gibbous; style short; stigma minute and unilateral; ovary bursting soon after flowering by the pressure of the 2 erect, enlarging seeds, and withering away; the spherical seeds naked on their thick seed-stalks, looking like drupes, the fleshy integument turning blue; albumen horny.--A perennial glabrous herb, with matted knotty rootstocks, sending up in early spring a simple and naked stem, terminated by a small raceme or panicle of yellowish-green flowers, and a little below bearing a large triternately compound sessile leaf (whence the name, from καυλός, _stem_, and φύλλον, _leaf_, the stem seeming to form a stalk for the great leaf.) 1. C. thalictroìdes, Michx. (Also called PAPPOOSE-ROOT.) Stems 1--2½° high; leaflets obovate wedge-form, 2--3-lobed, a smaller biternate leaf often at the base of the panicle; flowers appearing while the leaf is yet small.--Deep rich woods; common westward. April, May.--Whole plant glaucous when young, as also the seeds, which are as large as peas. 3. DIPHYLLÈIA, Michx. UMBRELLA-LEAF. Sepals 6, fugacious. Petals 6, oval, flat, larger than the sepals. Stamens 6; anthers oblong. Ovary oblong; style hardly any; stigma depressed. Ovules 5 or 6, attached to one side of the cell below the middle. Berry globose, few-seeded. Seeds oblong, with no aril.--A perennial glabrous herb, with thick horizontal rootstocks, sending up each year either a huge centrally peltate and cut-lobed, rounded, umbrella-like radical leaf, on a stout stalk, or a flowering stem bearing two similar (but smaller and more 2-cleft) alternate leaves which are peltate near one margin, and terminated by a cyme of white flowers. (Name composed of δίς, _double_, and φύλλον, _leaf_.) 1. D. cymòsa, Michx. Root-leaves 1--2° in diameter, 2-cleft, each division 5--7-lobed; lobes toothed; berries blue.--Wet or springy places, mountains of Va. and southward. May. 4. JEFFERSÒNIA, Barton. TWIN-LEAF. Sepals 4, fugacious. Petals 8, oblong, flat. Stamens 8, anthers oblong-linear, on slender filaments. Ovary ovoid, soon gibbous, pointed, stigma 2-lobed. Pod pear-shaped, opening half-way round horizontally, the upper part making a lid. Seeds many in several rows on the lateral placenta, with a fleshy lacerate aril on one side.--A perennial glabrous herb, with matted fibrous roots, long-petioled root-leaves, parted into 2 half-ovate leaflets, and simple naked 1-flowered scapes. (Named in honor of _Thomas Jefferson_.) 1. J. diphýlla, Pers. Low; flower white, 1´ broad, the parts rarely in threes or fives.--Woods, western N. Y. to Wisc. and southward. April, May.--Called _Rheumatism-root_ in some places. 5. PODOPHÝLLUM, L. MAY-APPLE. MANDRAKE.