The Manufacture of Tomato Products: Including whole tomato pulp or puree, tomato catsup, chili sauce, tomato soup, trimming pulpHier, W. G. (Wayland Gladstone)
Science
The Manufacture of Tomato Products: Including whole tomato pulp or puree, tomato catsup, chili sauce, tomato soup, trimming pulp
Hier, W. G. (Wayland Gladstone)
Tomato products
More important to the packer than the above, however, is the
interpretation of the analysis from the factory standpoint. What does it
indicate about the way the tomatoes were handled and worked up? The
molds are high and the yeasts and bacteria are low. It means that in all
probability the tomatoes were not properly sorted, but that they were
worked up rapidly enough after the sorting. It indicates primary
spoilage, but little or no secondary spoilage. If there had been
secondary spoilage, either the yeasts or bacteria or both would be high.
It is a tip for the packer to watch the sorting belt closely.
We will say that the report on another sample is as follows:
Molds in 20% of the microscopic fields.
Yeasts and Spores—70 in 1/60th C. M.
Bacteria—110 million per C. C.
What is indicated by that analysis?
It shows that the tomatoes were probably sorted all right, and that the
primary spoilage is probably small, but that there is a very strong
indication of secondary spoilage, that is, spoilage which took place in
the factory. Unless the tomatoes were extremely soft and partially
fermented when they were run up, there was probably great delay at some
stage in the manufacturing process, or some of the equipment was in a
very unsanitary condition and the fresh goods became contaminated with
fermented tomato substance which was carried over with it a little at a
time.
Suppose the analysis ran as follows:
Molds in 20% of the microscopic fields.
Yeasts and Spores—25 in 1/60th C. M.
Bacteria—110 million per C. C.
This also indicates secondary spoilage. The same conditions are
indicated in this analysis as in the preceding one. The only difference
is that instead of the fermentation being conducted by both yeasts and
bacteria, it was conducted by bacteria alone. In other cases the yeasts
and spores may run high and the bacteria low, indicating that the
fermentation was one of yeasts, and not bacteria. If all three of the
counts run high it indicates that either the tomatoes were very moldy
and soft to begin with and were improperly sorted, or that they were
both improperly sorted and that the pulped juice was improperly handled
in the factory. It is almost a sure indication of primary spoilage, and
points very strongly to secondary spoilage also.
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