[Footnote 89: George William Elector of Brandenburg (1595-1640), surnamed "the Irresolute." The anecdote is taken from Frederic the Great's Memoirs of Brandenburg.--T.] [Footnote 90: Gustavus II. Adolphus King of Sweden (1594-1632).--T.] [Footnote 91: Frederic William Elector of Brandenburg (1620-1648), surnamed the Great Elector, in whom began the power of this House.--T.] [Footnote 92: A quotation from Frederick the Great's Memoirs of Brandenburg.--T.] [Footnote 93: Frederic III. Elector of Brandenburg, later Frederic I. King of Prussia (1657-1713). In 1701, the Emperor Leopold, whom he had assisted against the Turks, raised his Duchy of Prussia into a kingdom.--T.] [Footnote 94: Frederic William I. King of Prussia (1688-1740), son of Frederic I.--T.] [Footnote 95: Johann Paul Gundling (1673-1731), an historiographer of some merit, was the butt of the Court of Frederic I., owing to his absurdities. He left a Life of Frederic I. and an excellent description of Brandenburg.--T.] [Footnote 96: Elizabeth Queen of Prussia (1715-1797), married to Frederic the Great in 1733--T.] [Footnote 97: François Marie Arouet de Voltaire (1694-1778) lived at Berlin in the intimacy of Frederic the Great from 1750 to 1753.--T.] [Footnote 98: Jeanne Antoinette Lenormand d'Étioles, Marquise de Pompadour (1722-1764), _née_ Poisson, mistress to Louis XV. from 1744 to her death, and practical ruler of France during that period.--T.] [Footnote 99: François Joachim Abbé, later Cardinal de Pierres de Bernis (1715-1794), wielded considerable power during the time of his favour with Madame de Pompadour.--T.] [Footnote 100: Louis XV. King of France (1710-1774), great-grandson of Louis XIV. and grandfather of Louis XVI. It was during his reign that the Prussian Alliance was abandoned for the Austrian Alliance, destined to be so disastrous to France.--T.] [Footnote 101: Sophia Wilhelmina Margravine of Bayreuth (1709-1758), sister to Frederic the Great and married, in 1731, to the future Margrave of Bayreuth. Her Memoirs and Correspondence with her brother are well-known.--T.] [Footnote 102: Wilhelmina Rietz, Countess von Lichtenau (1754-1820), _née_ Enke, daughter of a musician of the Prussian Chapel Royal. At sixteen, she became the mistress of the Crown Prince, nephew of Frederic II., who married her to one of his footmen, called Rietz, and who became king in 1786 as Frederic William II., when he gave her the title of Countess von Lichtenau.--B.] [Footnote 103: Prince Henry of Prussia (1726-1802), brother to Frederic the Great, and one of the latter's most distinguished generals. He went to live in France in 1788, intending to spend the rest of his days there; but the Revolution compelled him to return to Germany, and he died at Rheinsberg at the age of seventy-six.--T.] [Footnote 104: MIRABEAU, _Histoire secrète de la cour de Berlin, ou Correspondance d'un voyageur français du 5 juillet 1786 au 19 janvier 1787_ (Alençon, 1789).--T.]