The Mercantile MarineChatterton, E. Keble (Edward Keble)
History
The Mercantile Marine
Chatterton, E. Keble (Edward Keble)
Merchant marine -- Great Britain -- History; Merchant marine -- History
Towards daylight the ship sighted Dover and the master made for it.
Here the local seafarers were in great numbers by the shore on the
look-out for wreckage, for the gale had blown down their own barns and
trees. But the French skipper was either a very bad seaman, or his ship
was extremely unhandy, for the craft went smack up against Dover pier
and split, whereupon the Frenchman cheerfully announced: “Mes amis,
nous sommes perdus.” Herbert, though in the toils of sea-sickness,
then emerged from his cabin, climbed part of the way up the mast
and waved his sword for help. A local six-oared boat then came off,
into which Herbert was the first to enter. Lucy was half dead with
sea-sickness, but was lifted from the cabin to the boat, and thus they
were saved. Other boats rowed off the rest of the men and the horses.
The ship, concluded Herbert, “was wholly split and cast away, insomuch
that in pity to the master, Sir Thomas Lucy and myself gave thirty
pounds towards his loss, which yet was not so great as we thought,
since the tide now ebbing, he recovered the broken parts of his ship.”
Dean Swift, in _Gulliver’s Travels_, refers to the ship _Adventure_
riding in the Downs at the end of June 1702. She was commanded by
Captain John Nicholas, a Cornishman, and bound for Surat. At the Cape
of Good Hope they landed for fresh water, but other reasons detained
them until the end of March. A good passage was then made till north
of Madagascar, when bad weather was encountered. The spritsail (the
square-sail set on a small mast at the end of the bowsprit) was
therefore taken in, the mizzen was handed, and the guns secured. Rather
than heave-to, the captain decided to run before the wind—“spooning” is
the technical expression—the foresail was reefed, the fore-sheet hauled
aft, the helm put hard aweather, and “the ship wore bravely.” But the
foresail became split, and the yard was hauled down. “It was a very
fierce storm; the sea broke strange and dangerous. We hauled off upon
the lanyard of the whip-staff, and helped the man at helm.” For there
was no steering wheel in use yet, and this was not introduced until
about fifty years later. The tiller from the rudder was controlled by
a vertical bar or lever, called a “whip-staff,” and the lanyards would
naturally enough be used, as it is employed to this day for assisting
the helm of sailing yachts.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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