The Natural History of the Varieties of ManLatham, R. G. (Robert Gordon)
Science
The Natural History of the Varieties of Man
Latham, R. G. (Robert Gordon)
Ethnology
These remarks will conclude with the notice of an ethnological question
of primary importance, but not yet laid before the reader, viz.:
the extent to which certain varieties of the human species can live
and thrive in localities which are either deleterious or deadly to
others. Some rough facts of the kind in question are generally known;
such, for instance, as the tolerance on the part of the Negro of the
heat and malaria of the tropical climates. A similar tolerance of
climatologic influences otherwise deleterious is shewn by the Bodo, and
its allied tribes. According to Mr. Hodgson, none but themselves can
live in their own localities; since "the Saul forest everywhere, but
especially to the east of the Kósi, is malarious to an extent which no
human beings can endure, save the remarkable races, which for ages have
made it their dwelling-place. To all others, European or native, it is
deadly from April to November. Yet the Dhimál, the Bodo, the Kíchak,
the Tharú, the Dénwár, not only live but thrive in it, exhibiting no
symptoms whatever of that dreadful stricken aspect of countenance and
form which marks the victim of malaria."
The converse of this position, or the incapacity of the Bodo, &c.,
for living elsewhere, is also mentioned by Mr. Hodgson, but with an
expression of doubt as to its accuracy. "The Bodo and Dhimáls, whom I
communicated with, alleged that they cannot endure the climate of the
open plains, where the heat gives them fevers. This is a mere excuse
for their known aversion to quit the forest; for their eastern brethren
dwell and till like natives in the open plains of Assam, just as the
Kóls of south Bihár (Dhángars) do now in every part of the plains of
Bihár and Bengal, in various sites abroad, and lastly in the lofty
sub-Himálayas."
The Bodo tribes will again be brought prominently forward when the
ethnology of the peninsula of India is discussed.
THE TRIBES OF SIKKIM AND NEPAL SPEAKING MONOSYLLABIC LANGUAGES.
Each of these countries, although south of the Himalayas, and although
to a great extent Hindu in religion, government, and language, must
be looked upon as countries of which the aboriginal population is
an extension of that of Tibet. The tribes of Sikkim and Nepal are
Cis-Himalayan Tibetans; the word Tibetan being used in its general
sense.
1. _The Magars._--Imperfectly Braminical in their religion, with a
separate monosyllabic language, and remains of their old Paganism.
Their priests were called _Damis_.[20]
2. _The Gurungs._--Adherents to Buddhism. Inhabitants of the same
localities with the Magars; only higher in the mountains.
3. _The Jariyas._--Indianized.
4. _The Newars._--Probably the oldest inhabitants of Nepal. Adherents
to Buddhism; alphabet derived from the Devanagari.
5. _The Murmis._--Buddhist. Language like, but different from, that of
the Newars.
6. _The Kirata._--Eastern Nepal; Buddhist.
7. _Limbu._--Same localities as the Kirata: differing in language.
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