ABUSIMBEL. Also called Ipsambul. The ancient Aboccis or Abuncis. A place in Nubia, situated on the Nile, and famous for its stupendous rock-temple of Ramses II., the largest in the world. Each of the four statues at the entrance represents the king himself, and is about seventy feet high. ^{27} ABÛSÎR. A village near the site of ancient Memphis. Here we find four pyramids, one built by Sahurâ, and another by Userenrâ, kings of the vth dynasty. This place must not be confounded with that of the same name in the Delta. ^{91} ABU-SÎR. The modern name of the ancient Busiris. ^{92} ABYDOS [pronounced ábidos]. The capital of the VIIIth nome of Upper Egypt. ^{88} A. D. The Latin _Anno Domini_ "in the year of our Lord". `ÂDITE. A person belonging to the ancient Arabic tribe of Âd. [The first sign ` is an Arabic gutteral which cannot be pronounced in English.] ^{80} AKHMÎM. The present site of the ancient Panopolis. ^{89} ALBANI OBELISK. A small obelisk of Roman workmanship, formerly in the Villa Albani near Rome, and at {94}present preserved in the _Glyptothek_ at Munich, Germany. On it and its companion in Naples, the Borgian Obelisk, we read the Roman names Tacitus ([glyphs]), Sextus ([glyphs]), and Africanus ([glyphs]). It was probably erected in the time of Domitian. ^{10} ALEXANDER THE GREAT, or Alexander III. The son of Philip II., king of Macedon. He was born B. C. 356 and died B. C. 323, and was one of the greatest military conquerors the world has ever seen. His triumphant entry into Egypt took place in 332, when he was welcomed by the Egyptians as their liberator from the Persian yoke. He died while preparing for an expedition against Arabia. His name in Egyptian is ^{32 91} suten-kaut? Amen-mer-sotep-en-Râ sa Râ Aleksandres The king of Upper "The beloved of Amen, the Sun's and Lower Egypt, the chosen of the Sun", offspring, Alexander. ALEXANDRIA. The modern name of Rhakôtis, founded by Alexander the Great in B. C. 332. Its main attractions were the tomb of Alexander, the palace of the Ptolemies, a museum, the temple of Serapis (a Græco-Egyptian deity, a combination of Osiris and the bull Apis), the world-famous Library, and the Pharos or light-house, which was 400 feet high and one of the seven wonders of the world. The city flourished until the Mohammedans gained possession of it A. D. 650. On December 22d of that year the Library was burned by Amru, the general of the caliph Omar. All antiquities in the city were then destroyed except the two obelisks and Pompey's Pillar, which have come down to us, the latter, however, being the only object of interest still in Alexandria. The city at present has nothing to attract the antiquarian as it is altogether too modern in appearance. ^{8 39 40 41 42 43 72 73 79 81 82 91}