The origin and development of the moral ideasWestermarck, Edward
Philosophy
The origin and development of the moral ideas
Westermarck, Edward
Ethics; Ethics -- History; Prehistoric peoples
"revenge" which an elephant at Versailles inflicted upon a certain
artist who had employed his servant to tease the animal by making a
feint of throwing apples into its mouth:--"This conduct enraged the
elephant; and, as if it knew that the painter was the cause of this
teasing impertinence, instead of attacking the servant, it eyed the
master, and squirted at him from its trunk such a quantity of water as
spoiled the paper on which he was drawing."[86]
[Footnote 80: Darwin, _Descent of Man_, p. 69.]
[Footnote 81: Romanes, _Animal Intelligence_, p. 478.]
[Footnote 82: Brehm, _Thierleben_, i. 156. _Idem_, _From North Pole to
Equator_, p. 305. Rengger (_Naturgeschichte der Säugethiere von
Paraguay_, p. 52) gives the following information about the
Cay:--"Fürchtet er . . . seinen Gegner, so nimmt er seine Zuflucht zur
Verstellung, und sucht sich erst dann an ihm zu rächen, wenn er ihn
unvermuthet überfallen kann. So hatte ich einen Cay, welcher mehrere
Personen die ihn oft auf eine grobe Art geneckt hatten, in einem
Augenblicke lass, wo sie im besten Vernehmen mit ihm zu sein glaubten.
Nach verübter That kletterte er schnell auf einen hohen Balken, wo man
ihm nicht beikommen konnte, und grinste schadenfroh den Gegenstand
seiner Rache an." See, moreover, Watson, _The Reasoning Power in
Animals_, especially pp. 20, 21, 24, 156 _sq._; Romanes, _op. cit._
p. 387 _sqq._; but also Morgan, _Animal Life and Intelligence_, p. 401
_sq._]
[Footnote 83: Palgrave, _Narrative of a Year's Journey through Central
and Eastern Arabia_, i. 40.]
[Footnote 84: Watson, _op. cit._ p. 26 _sq._]
[Footnote 85: Aas, _Sjaeleliv og intelligens hos Dyr_, i. 72.]
[Footnote 86: Smellie, _Philosophy of Natural History_, i. 448.]
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