Archaeology; Civilization, Ancient; Despotism; Greece -- History -- To 146 B.C.; Wealth
The two reports are not necessarily contradictory. The tyrant may have
introduced both the ship and the coin, like Anaxilas, tyrant of Rhegium,
who introduced the hare into his dominions and commemorated his action
by putting a hare on his coins (fig. 9). The Samaina is found on extant
Samian coins (fig. 9), some of which appear to have circulated in Samos
itself about the middle of the fifth century, while others have been
associated with the Samian refugees who migrated to the far West in 494
B.C. and occupied Messana in Sicily with the aid of Anaxilas of Rhegium,
whose subjects they became. The type cannot be traced back to the days
of Polycrates himself, but the numismatic evidence is not abundant
enough to make that fact decisive. As far as it goes it even inclines
slightly in favour of Suidas. If the coin type used by the refugees of
494 B.C. appears later on the coins of Samos itself, the fact is best
explained by assuming that it was already in use in Samos before the
earlier date. Moreover one of the coins generally associated with the
refugees is inscribed with the letters Α Ι, which have no obvious
connexion with Messana or the Samians who went there, but which do on
the other hand form the first syllable of the name Aiakes, the name of
the Samian tyrant from whom the refugees fled to Messana. Aiakes was a
nephew of Polycrates, so that if the Α Ι coin is rightly ascribed to him
the Samaina type is traced back to the family of Polycrates, if not to
Polycrates himself. Aiakes had been restored to Samos by the Persians
after their defeat of the Greek fleet at the battle of Lade. In that
battle the Samian fleet, with the exception of the ships manned by the
men who fled later to Sicily, had disgraced itself by deserting to the
Persians. Aiakes profited by their proceedings but he can hardly have
been proud of them. If he struck coins with the Samaina type it is more
likely to have been because his uncle had done so before him than from
any desire to commemorate either his own exploits, whether as a
shipbuilder or a sailor, or those of his uncle, who so successfully
defied the Persian power to which the nephew owed his throne[395].
[Illustration: Fig. 9. Samian coin with Samaina and Messanian coin with
hare.]
[Sidenote: The public works of Polycrates during his tyranny, including
an aqueduct and a harbour breakwater.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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