Mix, and take a sixth part every four hours. If the child is very young, give half the dose. On the first appearance of this disorder, it will be proper to administer an emetic of ipecacuanha powder; and for children of four years of age, seven grains will be a sufficient quantity, and even a repetition of it may be the means of preventing any disposition to diarrhœa (purging). Throughout the whole of this disease it will be advisable to make frequent use of some detergent (cleansing) gargle, which in young children must be thrown into the throat with a syringe. _Detergent Gargle._ Take of Purified Alum 1 drachm. Barley Water 8 ounces (half a pint). Honey of Roses 1 ounce. Mix, and gargle the throat frequently. Camphor is a medicine much employed in scarlatina, and with good effect; but more particularly where the pulse is very low, and the redness disappears suddenly from off the skin. In these cases volatiles, the aromatic confection, and wine will be proper remedies—this latter to be given in moderate quantity, according to the age and other circumstances of the patient, and it should be given in the food, which must consist of thin, nutritious aliments, such as sago, arrow-root, barley water with milk, &c., &c., and _thin_ warm barley water, _without_ milk, should be often drunk, in order to induce moderate perspiration. In a general way, a cordial plan is required throughout the disease; and where the throat is much affected, either with sloughs (discharges of matter), or total blackness, bark is indispensably necessary, however thick and florid the rash, however hot and dry the skin. Bark, in moderate doses (for children of four years of age, six grains of Peruvian bark may be given four times a day), reduces the fever in the milder species of scarlatina, above every other remedy; and in the more malignant scarlet fever, it supports the system until the regular stages of the fever are accomplished, and a perfect crisis is formed. Should it be disposed to act too freely on the child’s bowels, one drop of opium may be added. An unpleasant turn in the complaint sometimes takes place in a secondary fever, and is often the consequence of administering bark and wine _too early_, or too liberally, in the _milder_ scarlatina. As parents and nurses are naturally much alarmed at delirium, it may be well to assure them that there is no disease in which delirium is of so little consequence as in the one before us. In other fevers it seldom comes on until they have arrived at a dangerous height, but it sometimes accompanies scarlatina from the very first day, and many of the patients never fail to be delirious every night, though, excepting this, there exists no other unfavourable symptom from the beginning, and during the illness. THRUSH, OR APHTHÆ.