This is a disease characterized by a species of inflammatory fever, attended with all the symptoms of a severe cold, running at the nose and eyes, sneezing, cough, cold chills, tightness at the chest, languor, lassitude, pain in the back and head, and, in fact, by all the indications of constitutional disturbance and fever; though the sign by which it may be most readily known and determined, is the running of humour from the eyes, and constriction of the chest, with a short dry cough. The great secret in the treatment of measles to be borne in mind, is not to discontinue the treatment with the subsidence of the symptoms, for no disease leaves behind it so many and hurtful consequences; therefore, to purify the system, and save the body of the child from mumps, dropsy, tumours, bad eyes, and many other distressing affections, it is necessary to keep up for some weeks, after the disease is cured, a mild but steady action on the body; give the child change of air, plenty of exercise, and a nutritive but light and stimulating diet. The _symptoms_ of measles commence with cold chills and flushes, lassitude, heaviness, pain in the head, and drowsiness, cough, hoarseness, and extreme difficulty of breathing, frequent sneezing, defluction or running at the eyes and nose, nausea, sometimes vomiting, thirst, a furred tongue; the pulse throughout is quick, and sometimes full and soft, at others hard and small, with other indications of an inflammatory nature. On the _third_ day, small red spots make their appearance, first on the face and neck, gradually extending over the upper and lower part of the body. On the fifth day the vivid red of the eruption changes into a brownish hue, and in two or three days more the rash entirely disappears, leaving a loose powdery disquamation on the skin, which rubs off like dandriff. At this stage of the disease, a diarrhœa frequently comes on, and being what is called “_critical_” should never be checked unless seriously severe. Measles sometimes assumes a typhoid or malignant character, in which form the symptoms are all greatly exaggerated, and the case from the first becomes doubtful and dangerous. In this condition the eruption comes out sooner, and only in patches, and often, after showing for a few hours, suddenly recedes, presenting instead of the usual florid red, a dark purple or blackish hue, a dark brown fur forms on the gums and mouth, the breathing becomes laborious, delirium supervenes, and if unrelieved, is followed by coma; a fœtid diarrhœa takes place, and the patient sinks under the congested state of the lungs and the opposed functions of the brain. The unfavourable symptoms in measles are a high state of fever, excessive heat and dryness of the skin, hurried and short breathing, and a particularly hard pulse. The ordinary after-consequences of measles are, croup, bronchitis, mesenteric disease, abscesses behind the ear, ophthalmia, and glandular swellings in other parts of the body.