Often a low shrub. Extensively planted, particularly in West, but subject to attack by borers. One of the most valuable of American timber trees. Heartwood is formed very early in this species. Pseudacacia means false acacia or imitation of acacia. [p078] HONEY LOCUST. _Gleditsia triacanthos Linn._ Nomenclature. (Sudworth.) Honey Locust (local and common name). Thorn or Thorny Locust Tree or Acacia (N. Y., N. J., Ind., Tenn., La.). Three-thorned Acacia (Mass., R. I., La., Tex., Neb., Mich.). Black Locust (Miss., Tex., Ark., Kans., Neb.). Honey or Honeyshucks (R. I., N. J., Va., Fla., Iowa). Honeyshucks Locust (Ky.). Sweet Locust (S. C., La., Kans., Nebr.). Piquant Amourette (La.). Confederate Pintree (Fla.). Locust (Nebr.). Locality. Pennsylvania to Florida, westward intermittently to Nebraska and Texas. Best in lower Ohio River basin. Features of Tree. Seventy to ninety feet or more in height, two to four feet in diameter. Frequent long thorns.[47] Light thin foliage. Brown pods contain sweet pulp. Color, Appearance, or Grain of Wood. Heartwood bright brown or red, sapwood yellowish, annual layers strongly marked, coarse-grained, medullary rays conspicuous. Structural Qualities of Wood. Heavy, hard, strong, very durable in contact with soil. Representative Uses of Wood. Fence-posts, rails, wagon-hubs, rough construction, etc. Weight of Seasoned Wood in Pounds per Cubic Foot. 42. Modulus of Elasticity. 1,540,000. Modulus of Rupture. 13,100. Remarks. Widely cultivated for landscape effect. Young trees used for forming hedges. [p079] FOOTNOTE [Footnote 47: Thorns plentiful on some individuals, but absent on others.] MESQUITE. _Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) de C._ Nomenclature. (Sudworth.) Mesquite (Tex., N. M., Ariz., Cal.). Algaroba (Tex., N. M., Ariz., Cal.). Honey Pod or Honey Locust (Tex., N. M.). Ironwood (Tex.). Locality. Texas, west to San Bernardino Mountains, California. Also Colorado, Utah, and Nevada and northern Mexico. Features of Tree. Forty to fifty feet in height, one to two feet in diameter. Sometimes low shrub. Roots often very large. Pods with sweet pulp. Color, Appearance, or Grain of Wood. Heartwood rich dark brown, often red. Sapwood clear yellow. Close-grained, compact structure, distinct medullary rays. Structural Qualities of Wood. Weak, difficult to work, heavy, hard, very durable. Representative Uses of Wood. Posts, fencing, ties, house-beams, fuel, charcoal. Weight of Seasoned Wood in Pounds per Cubic Foot. 47. Modulus of Elasticity. 820,000. Modulus of Rupture. 6800. Remarks. A locally important tree. Trees sometimes stunted by fires have numerous roots. Large roots used for fuel. [p080] FOOTNOTE Holsinger, "Forestry and Irrigation." Vol. VIII, No. 11, p. 447. WHITEWOOD OR TULIP-TREE WOOD, POPLAR OR COTTONWOOD, (_Liriodendron_.) (_Populus_.)