The Principles of Biology, Volume 1 (of 2)Spencer, Herbert
Science
The Principles of Biology, Volume 1 (of 2)
Spencer, Herbert
Biology
The alternative hypothesis, indirectly supported as we saw by proofs that
outside the body small amounts of change in nitrogenous compounds initiate
large amounts of change in carbonaceous compounds, may in the first place
be here supported by some further indirect evidences of kindred natures. A
haystack prematurely put together supplies one. Enough water having been
left in the hay to permit chemical action, the decomposing proteids forming
the dead protoplasm in each cell, set up decomposition of the
carbo-hydrates with accompanying oxidation of the carbon and genesis of
heat; even to the extent of producing fire. Again, as shown above, this
relation between these two classes of compounds is exemplified in the
alimentary canal; where, alike in the saliva and in the pancreatic
secretion, minute quantities of unstable nitrogenous bodies transform great
quantities of stable carbo-hydrates. Thus we find indirect reinforcements
of the belief that the katabolic change generating muscular energy is one
in which a large decomposition of a carbo-hydrate is set up by a small
decomposition of a proteid.[12]
§ 23f. A certain general trait of animal organization may fitly be named
because its relevance, though still more indirect, is very significant.
Under one of its aspects an animal is an apparatus for the multiplication
of energies--a set of appliances by means of which a minute amount of
motion initiates a larger amount of motion, and this again a still larger
amount. There are structures which do this mechanically and others which do
it chemically.
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