Technically, the production of such edges is not difficult. Some talent for drawing and a sure hand are necessary, but the artist is repaid for his labor by the interest he derives from the execution of such kind of work. There are two ways of producing them. The first makes the ornament appear bright, while the ground remains dull, in the other the dull ornament appears on the shining ground surface. The first is the more effective and the more easily produced. The gilt-edge is here to be treated like every other plain gilt-edge, to produce dull ground, burnish with a piece of paper between the book edge and the burnisher. CHASED EDGES. [Illustration: Fd. Tondorf ClichË,--Property of OTTO SPAMER.] CHASED EDGES. Transfer the design on thin tissue paper, lay the paper carefully upon the edge of the book placed in the press so that design and edge tally perfectly, and fasten the paper by pasting it on the gilding boards. If you now by the aid of a dull awl or a pin trace the design of the tissue paper on the edge, it will appear and will be the gilder's guide. When this has been done with all necessary care, remove the paper and burnish the parts of the edge between the tracings by means of a small, pointed burnisher. This alone relieves the ornament from the dull gilt ground. The full effect of such edges will be imparted when the outlines of the ornaments are pressed in. To do this, fine steel stencils or stamps are best used, the same as are used for fine leather work. These stamps and the above mentioned agate burnishers can be obtained from Wm. Leo, Stuttgart. Take the point stamp in one hand and a light hammer in the other and with an easy, equal, hammering make dot after dot of the marked pattern. If the dull ground is then profusely marked with the small pearl stamp as shown in the illustration, the effect of such edges leaves nothing to be desired. The effect is still more surprising when the ornaments are produced in gold of a different hue or of silver or color. In the former case the ornaments are carefully penciled in with albumen solution, gold of a lighter hue, silver or aluminium is put on, and, when completely dried, is burnished. Colored ornaments are likewise scraped out and then produced by painting. It is a question though, whether the total effect of this last named is a refined one. BRONZED EDGES. THE BRONZED EDGE. Produced by printing over colored edges. It is certainly proper to endeavor to brighten colored edges by spreading on bronzed color. That this process has fallen more or less into disuse is probably due to the tiresome labor necessary for the making of such edges. It gives us the possibility of producing manifold changes in edges because silver or gold ornaments can be put on any color as well as on the white edge. We have here the possibility of adapting the design of the edge to that of the cover, which under other conditions can only be done with chased edges.