[5: We know this road only in the shape which the emperor Claudius, the son of the constructor, gave to it; originally, of course, it cannot have been called _via Claudia_, but only _via Augusta_, and we can hardly regard as its terminus in Italy Altinum, in the neighbourhood of the modern Venice, since, under Augustus, all the imperial roads still led to Rome. That the road ran through the upper Adige valley is shown by the milestone found at Meran (_C. I. L._ v. 8003); that it led to the Danube, is attested; the connection of the making of this road with the founding of Augusta Vindelicum, though this was at first only a market-village (_forum_), is more than probable (_C. I. L._ iii. p. 711); in what way Augsburg and the Danube were reached from Meran we do not know. Subsequently the road was rectified, so as to leave the Adige at Bautzen, and to lead up the Eisach valley over the Brenner to Augsburg.] [6: The locality "in which the Bessi honour the god Dionysos," and which Crassus took from them and gave to the Odrysians (Dio, li. 25), is certainly the same _Liberi patris lucus_, in which Alexander sacrificed, and the father of Augustus, _cum per secreta Thraciae exercitum duceret_, asked the oracle respecting his son (Suetonius, _Aug._ 94), and which Herodotus already mentions (ii. III; compare Euripides, _Hec._ 1267) as an oracular shrine placed under the protection of the Bessi. Certainly it is to be sought northwards of Rhodope; it has not yet been discovered.] [7: That the battle at Arbalo (Plin. _H.N._ xi. 17, 55) belongs to this year, is shown by Obsequens, 72, and so the narrative in Dio, liv. 33, applies to it.]