Footnote 115: Or perhaps his relative, the abbess of Bedford, for it is difficult to conceive how during coverture, the queen could have coined, and proof is wanting that she was ever regent of his kingdom. ----- MINES.—Mines and minerals are also among the regalia of a German king, and were so in England. The cases which principally come under our observation in the charters are salt-works and lead-mines; but in a document of the year 689, which however is not totally free from suspicion, Osuuini of Kent grants to Rochester a ploughland at Lyminge in Kent, in which he says there is a mine of iron[116]. In 716, Æðelbald of Mercia granted certain salt-works near the river Salwarpe at Lootwíc in Worcestershire, in exchange however for others to the north of the river[117]. In the same year he granted a hid of land in Saltwych, _vico emptorio salis_, to Evesham[118]. In 732, Æðelberht of Kent gave abbot Dun a quarter of a ploughland at Lyminge, where there were salt-works, that is evaporating pans[119], and added to it a grant of a hundred loads of wood per annum, necessary to the operation. In 738 Eádberht of Kent includes salt-works in a grant to Rochester[120], and similarly in 812, 814, Coenuulf, in grants to Canterbury[121]. In 833 Ecgberht gave salt-works in Kent, and a hundred and twenty loads of wood from the weald of Andred, to support the fires[122]. Three years later Wigláf of Mercia confirmed the liberties of Hanbury in Worcestershire, with all its possessions, including salt-wells and lead-works[123]. In 863, Æðelberht granted salt-works in Kent to Æðelred, with four waggons going for six weeks into the royal forest[124]. In 938, Æðelstán gave to Taunton three híds of land, and salt-pans[125]. ----- Footnote 116: Cod. Dipl. No. 30. So likewise I imagine the ísengráfas (eisengruben) of Cod. Dipl. No. 1118 to be iron-mines. Footnote 117: Cod. Dipl. No. 67. “Aliquam agelli partem in qua sal confici solet ... ad construendos tres casulos et sex caminos ... sex alios ... caminos in duobus casulis, in quibus similiter sal conficitur, vicarios accipiens.” Footnote 118: Cod. Dipl. No. 68. Footnote 119: Cod. Dipl. No. 77. “Quarta pars aratri ... sali coquendo accommoda.... Et insuper addidi huic donationi ... in omni anno centum plaustra onusta de lignis ad coquendum sal.” Footnote 120: Cod. Dipl. No. 85. Footnote 121: Cod. Dipl. Nos. 199, 201. Footnote 122: Cod. Dipl. No. 234. “Et in eodem loco sali coquenda iuxta Limenae, et in silva ubi dicitur Andred, centum viginti plaustra ad coquendum sal.” Footnote 123: Cod. Dipl. No. 237, “Cum putheis salis et fornacibus plumbis.” Footnote 124: Cod. Dipl. No. 288. “Unamque salis coquinariam, hoc est án sealternsteall, and ðer cota to, in ilia loco ubi nominatur Herewíc, et quatuor carris transductionem in silba regis sex ebdomades a die Pentecosten hubi alteri homines silbam cedunt, hoc est in regis communione.” Footnote 125: