Like the adult, the germ also requires a certain amount of heat, oxygen,
and, when it grows up in the sea, salinity in the medium. For the germ,
as for the adult, there exists not only a minimum but also a maximum
limit of all the necessary factors of the medium; the same factor which
at a certain intensity promotes development, disturbs it from a certain
other intensity upwards.
Within the limits of this minimum and this maximum of every outside
agent there generally is an increase in the rate of development
corresponding to the increase of intensity of the agent. The
acceleration of development by heat has been shown to follow the law of
the acceleration of chemical processes by a rise of temperature; that
seems to prove that certain chemical processes go on during the course
of morphogenesis.
Almost all that has been investigated of the part played by the external
conditions of development has little bearing on specific morphogenesis
proper, and therefore may be left out of account here: we must, however,
lay great stress on the general fact that there *is* a very close
dependence of morphogenesis on the outside factors, lest we should be
accused afterwards of having overlooked it.
Of course all “external” means or conditions of morphogenesis can
actually relate to morphogenetic processes only by becoming in some way
“internal,” but we unfortunately have no knowledge whatever how this
happens. We at present are only able to ascertain what must necessarily
be accomplished in the medium, in order that normal morphogenesis may go
on, and we can only suppose that there exist certain specific internal
general states, indispensable for organogenesis but inaccessible to
present modes of investigation.[36]
[36] Compare the analytical discussions of Klebs, to whom we owe a great
series of important discoveries in the field of morphogenetic “means”
in botany. (*Willkürliche Entwickelungsänderungen bei Pflanzen*, Jena,
1903; see also *Biol. Centralblatt*, vol. xxiv., 1904, and my reply to
Klebs, *ibid.* 23, 1903.)
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