The Secret History of the Court of JustinianProcopius
History
The Secret History of the Court of Justinian
Procopius
Byzantine Empire -- History -- Justinian I, 527-565; Justinian I, Emperor of the East, 483?-565
Although Justinian's character was such as I have already explained,
he was easy of access, and affable to those whom he met. No one was
ever denied an audience, and he never was angry even with those who
did not behave or speak properly in his presence. But, on the other
hand, he never felt ashamed of any of the murders which he committed.
However, he never displayed any anger or pettishness against those who
offended him, but preserved a mild countenance and an unruffled brow,
and with a gentle voice would order tens of thousands of innocent men
to be put to death, cities to be taken by storm, and property to be
confiscated. One would think, from his manner, that he had the
character of a sheep; but if anyone, pitying his victims, were to
endeavour, by prayers and supplications, to make him relent, he would
straightway become savage, show his teeth, and vent his rage upon his
subjects. As for the priests, he let them override their neighbours
with impunity, and delighted to see them plunder those round about
them, thinking that in this manner he was showing piety. Whenever he
had to decide any lawsuit of this sort, he thought that righteous
judgment consisted in letting the priest win his cause and leave the
court in triumph with some plunder to which he had no right whatever;
for, to him, justice meant the success of the priest's cause. He
himself, when by malpractices he had obtained possession of the
property of people, alive or dead, would straightway present his
plunder to one of the churches, by which means he would hide his
rapacity under the cloak of piety, and render it impossible for his
victims ever to recover their possessions. Indeed, he committed
numberless murders through his notion of piety; for, in his zeal to
bring all men to agree in one form of Christian doctrine, he
recklessly murdered all who dissented therefrom, under the pretext of
piety, for he did not think that it was murder, if those whom he slew
were not of the same belief as himself. Thus, his thoughts were always
fixed upon slaughter, and, together with his wife, he neglected no
excuse which could bring it about; for both of these beings had for
the most part the same passions, but sometimes they played a part
which was not natural to them; for each of them was thoroughly wicked,
and by their pretended differences of opinion, brought their subjects
to ruin. Justinian's character was weaker than water, and anyone could
lead him whither he would, provided it was not to commit any act of
kindness or incur the loss of money. He especially delighted in
flattery, so that his flatterers could easily make him believe that he
should soar aloft and tread upon the clouds. Once indeed, Tribonianus,
when sitting by him, declared that he was afraid that some day
Justinian would be caught up into heaven because of his righteousness,
and would be lost to men. Such praises, or rather sneers, as these he
constantly bore in mind; yet, if he admired any man for his goodness,
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