African Americans; United States -- Race relations
At Chattanooga there was no library for the colored people. There
seemed to be little Negro business. I was at once introduced to the
druggist and the undertaker. Undertaking and drug-selling, which
includes ice-cream-soda dispensing, seem the most popular business
enterprises among the Negroes. Wherever three or four polite Negroes
were gathered together and I was talking to them someone would say,
“Permit me to introduce Undertaker So-and-So,” and the latter would
smile blandly and offer his brown hand. At Chattanooga I visited a
swell establishment and looked over a show-room of elegant coffins, and
I was shown into the parlor and the embalming room, where on a stone
slab the bodies were prepared. This undertaker had started originally
with one coffin, and had now become, as I saw, one of the rich men
of the city. Funerals cost between a hundred and a hundred and fifty
dollars, and were usually defrayed by the insurance companies.
I found the large East Side drug store, kept by a young man who had
been in charge of the pneumonia ward of the 92nd Divisional Hospital
in France. He had as many white customers as colored. He did not sell
much patent medicine, as he said the attitude of the United States
Government to patent medicines had become most severe. He was a fully
qualified chemist. Doctors prescribed and he dispensed in the ordinary
way. Yes, many were surprised to find a Negro chemist in a position of
authority in a hospital, but that was due to white people’s ignorance
of the progress made by colored students of medicine.
I greatly enjoyed “Joseph’s Bondage,” a dramatic cantata sung by
a colored choir. Evidently the Negroes had composed the cantata
themselves, for the verbiage was very quaint and simple. In a packed
hall to be the only Whites was for myself and the lady who was with me
a curious position. It caused a whole row of seats to remain empty in
the midst of a crowded house. No Negro male dared sit down next to the
white woman for fear of what I might do. However, when I left my place
to talk to a Negro I knew in another part of the hall the empty line
filled up mechanically.
The production of the cantata was quite amusing. Potiphar’s guards were
the smartest possible, being ex-soldiers from Pershing’s army, upright
Negro boys in khaki. But Potiphar was in blue, and looked like a man in
charge of an elevator, and wore the slackest of pants. Leva, his wife,
pawed Joseph over and yowled: “I love you, I love you.” Pharaoh, with
glistening steel crown and steel slippers, was impressive. Joseph as a
slave was the Negro workingman in his shirt; as Vizier, however, with
the purple on him, he looked very grand, and the jubilee chorus which
he sang when at length Pharaoh stepped down and he sat in Pharaoh’s
seat, was very jolly, swaying to one side of the crowd around him and
singing to them, swaying to the other side and singing to them, and
then to all and God——
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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