The Story of Old Fort DearbornCurrey, J. Seymour (Josiah Seymour)
History
The Story of Old Fort Dearborn
Currey, J. Seymour (Josiah Seymour)
Chicago (Ill.) -- History; Fort Dearborn Massacre, Chicago, Ill., 1812
General William Hull, then in command of the Northwestern army assembled
at Detroit, had served with distinction in the Revolutionary War, and
had rendered excellent service as Governor of the Territory during the
previous seven years. Until he surrendered Detroit he was held in high
esteem and possessed the confidence of the administration.
A letter of instructions to Captain Heald from General Hull was the most
important among the despatches brought by the messenger. This letter gave
specific directions to the officer commanding at Fort Dearborn, and was
as follows:
It is with regret I order the evacuation of your post, owing to the
want of provisions only, a neglect of the Commandant of Detroit. You
will therefore destroy all arms and ammunition; but the goods of the
Factory you may give to the friendly Indians who may be desirous of
escorting you on to Fort Wayne, and to the poor and needy of your
post. I am informed this day that Mackinac and the Island of St.
Joseph's [in the St. Mary's River] will be evacuated on account of
the scarcity of provisions, and I hope in my next to give you an
account of the surrender of the British at Maiden, as I expect 600
men here by the beginning of Sept.
[Signed] Brigadier Gen. Hull.
The letter, the original of which is preserved in the Draper collection
of manuscripts at Madison, Wisconsin, bears the marks of having been
hastily written. Evidently Mrs. John H. Kinzie, when she wrote the
first published accounts of the events here narrated, had never seen
the letter in which is contained the order to evacuate. In her work
entitled _Wau-Bun_ she says that the order received by Captain Heald
from General Hull was "to evacuate the fort, if practicable; and in that
event, to distribute all the United States property contained in the fort
and in the United States' Factory or agency among the Indians in the
neighborhood."
Mrs. Kinzie's account of the order was doubtless gathered from those who
were participants in the affairs of that time and who gave the contents
of General Hull's letter from memory. For it must be remembered that the
author of _Wau-Bun_, in which was printed the first authentic account of
these events, was not a participant in them. She was the wife of John H.
Kinzie, the son of John Kinzie the pioneer of 1804, and she did not come
to Chicago until 1833, twenty-one years after the occurrences of which we
are writing.
[Illustration: FACSIMILE OF LETTER OF GENERAL HULL TO CAPTAIN HEALD.
_By courtesy of the Wisconsin Historical Society._]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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