This man was General Francis Elias Spinner, born in Mohawk, N.Y., a suburb of Ilion, and a close friend of Philo Remington. General Spinner was appointed Treasurer of the United States by President Lincoln on March 16, 1861, and continued to hold this office until June 30, 1875. When he took up his official duties at Washington, he found a condition similar to the one with which all of us were recently familiar during the Great War. The men had gone to war in such vast numbers that there was everywhere a scarcity of workers, and General Spinner conceived the idea of employing women as government clerks. This was a startling innovation in those days; nevertheless several hundred women were appointed to government clerkships through his agency. The grateful women of the time afterwards remembered General Spinner's efforts, and his statue, erected by the women of the Departments of the Government, now stands in Herkimer, N.Y. On the pedestal of this statue are General Spinner's words: "The fact that I was instrumental in introducing women to employment in the offices of the Government gives me more real satisfaction than all the other deeds of my life." However, the unhappy experiences of many of these women showed how strong were the prejudices of the time. Grace Greenwood, the authoress, tells of a letter she received from one of them which says: "Would you work for nothing, board yourself, and be lied about?" Such was the world's attitude fifty years ago concerning women's work. And then Herkimer County made another contribution to the cause of sex emancipation. A new and strange machine appeared, and it went to work, at first quietly and unobtrusively, but in the end triumphantly to break down these barriers of conservatism and prejudice. Even at this day, many of us, though recognizing the facts, are puzzled to account for this amazing achievement of the writing machine. Yet there is no mystery about it, for it was all due to the operation of that law which is sure to break all barriers, the law of necessity and fitness. We have shown that the typewriter did more than save business time. It stimulated business activity, and in time this activity reached the point where there were no longer men enough to perform all of the clerical tasks. The girl stenographer and typist came into business because she was needed, and with her coming the ancient barriers fell. The typist blazed the path by which other women entered every department of business. Economic emancipation was won and from this great triumph has resulted every other development of modern feminism. The suffrage, the winning of greater social freedom, the wider participation of women in every phase of public life, all these are children of the same parent. When economic freedom was won, everything was won, and all else followed, naturally and inevitably.