This being the feeling in the country, the time was ripe for John of
Gaunt’s banished son, Henry Bolingbroke, who had long been waiting for
his hour. He landed with but thirty men, while Richard was away on one
of his highly unpopular expeditions in Ireland; soon he had an army of
fifty thousand with which he marched to London, and Richard when he
returned agreed meekly, without a word, to all that was demanded. He
signed a deed prepared by Parliament in which he said that "he was
incapable of reigning, worthy to be deposed, and willing to renounce the
throne."
"If it pleases you, it pleases me also," was his feeble remark.
Then he was put into prison, first in the Tower, afterwards in
Pontefract Castle, and from this last place he never came out alive.
His death was very sudden; some said he fell sick, some said he was
starved, almost certainly he was murdered. He was buried at Langley,
though many a long year afterwards his body was moved to Westminster by
command of Henry V., and laid in the tomb he had chosen close to his
wife, after it had been carried through London followed by 20,000
persons, of whom "some on him had pity and some none."
So husband and wife lie united at last under this fine tomb, which cost
£10,000 in our money. But in one detail Richard’s wish is ungratified
to-day, for his hand and hers, which on the monument were clasped
together, have been ruthlessly broken off.
Another memorial of Richard in the Abbey is his portrait, which you will
find in the choir near the altar, and which is "an ancient painting of
the unhappy, beautiful prince, sitting in a chair of gold dressed in a
vest of green, flowered with flowers of gold and the initial letters of
his name, having on shoes of gold powdered with pearls, the whole robed
in crimson lined with ermine, and the shoes spread with the same
fastened under a collar of gold." It is valuable because it is the
first portrait we have of an English king.
Richard rebuilt Westminster Hall, and built a fine porch called
Solomon’s Porch, where now stands the great north entrance; but of this
porch not a trace remains.
*CHAPTER VIII*
*HENRY V. AND HIS CHANTRY*
On the last day of September 1399, Westminster was well astir, for
Parliament had met to decide an all-important question.
Richard had renounced the crown, and his cousin, Henry of Lancaster,
claimed it.
"Risyng from his place, mekeley makyne the signe of the Crosse, he saide
unto the people, ’In the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, I,
Henry of Lancaster, claim the realme of Englande and the crowne, as that
I am dyscended by righte lyne of bloode from that good Lord King Henry
III." Moreover, he proceeded to make clear, Richard had resigned the
crown into his hands, and he had also won it by right of conquest.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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