The Swastika, the Earliest Known Symbol, and Its Migration: With Observations on the Migration of Certain Industries in Prehistoric TimesWilson, Thomas
Religion
The Swastika, the Earliest Known Symbol, and Its Migration: With Observations on the Migration of Certain Industries in Prehistoric Times
Wilson, Thomas
Industries, Primitive; Swastikas; Symbolism
Dr. Brinton,[106] describing the normal Swastika, "with four arms of equal
length, the hook usually pointing from left to right," says: "In this form
it occurs in India and on very early (Neolithic) Grecian, Italic, and
Iberian remains." Dr. Brinton is the only author who, writing at length or
in a critical manner, attributes the Swastika to the Neolithic period in
Europe, and in this, more than likely, he is correct. Professor Virchow's
opinion as to the antiquity of the hill of Hissarlik, wherein Dr.
Schliemann found so many Swastikas, should be considered in this
connection. (See p. 832, 833 of this paper.) Of course, its appearance
among the aborigines of America, we can imagine, must have been within the
Neolithic period.
II.--DISPERSION OF THE SWASTIKA.
EXTREME ORIENT.
JAPAN.
[Illustration: Fig. 29. BRONZE STATUE OF BUDDHA. Japan. Eight swastikas on
pedestal. Cane tintinnabulum with six movable rings or bells.
One-fifteenth natural size.]
The Swastika was in use in Japan in ancient as well as modern times. Fig.
29 represents a bronze statue of Buddha, one-fifteenth natural size, from
Japan, in the collection of M. Cernuschi, Paris. It has eight Swastikas on
the pedestal, the ends all turned at right angles to the right. This
specimen is shown by De Mortillet[107] because it relates to prehistoric
man. The image or statue holds a cane in the form of a "tintinnabulum,"
with movable rings arranged to make a jingling noise, and De Mortillet
inserted it in his volume to show the likeness of this work in Japan with
a number of similar objects found in the Swiss lake dwellings in the
prehistoric age of bronze (p. 806).
The Swastika mark was employed by the Japanese on their porcelain. Sir
Augustus W. Franks[108] shows one of these marks, a small Swastika turned
to the left and inclosed in a circle (fig. 30). Fig. 9 also represents a
mark on Japanese bronzes.[109]
[Illustration: Fig. 30. JAPANESE POTTER'S MARK ON PORCELAIN. De Mortillet,
"Musée Préhistorique," Fig. 1248.]
KOREA.
The U. S. National Museum has a ladies' sedan or carrying chair from
Korea. It bears eight Swastika marks, cut by stencil in the brass-bound
corners, two on each corner, one looking each way. The Swastika is normal,
with arms crossing at right angles, the ends bent at right angles and to
the right. It is quite plain; the lines are all straight, heavy, of equal
thickness, and the angles all at 90 degrees. In appearance it resembles
the Swastika in fig. 9.
CHINA.
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