The Swedes on the Delaware, 1638-1664Johnson, Amandus
History
The Swedes on the Delaware, 1638-1664
Johnson, Amandus
Delaware River Valley (N.Y.-Del. and N.J.) -- History; New Sweden -- History; Swedes -- United States
II.
About the fifteenth of March the two little ships of the Swedes, the
_Kalmar Nyckel_ and the _Fogel Grip_, appeared in the bay. “Nature
was sleeping”, the trees were bare, and the loveliness which summer
imparts to the Delaware shores was absent; but, if the legend be true,
the beauty of the region in spite of its disadvantages impressed the
pioneers, who landed at a particularly charming spot, which they called
the Paradise Point. From there the ships undoubtedly proceeded with the
first favorable wind.
Arriving at the mouth of the Minquas Kill, Minuit turned westward
into this stream. He sailed up as far as present Wilmington, casting
anchor before “a wharf of stones,” where the fortress was later built.
Indians had pitched their wig-wams there, and it was particularly
suitable for a landing place. The Swedish salute of two guns was
given, and Peter Minuit went ashore with some of his men. Thereupon
the director accompanied by Sandelin, Lucassen, Måns Kling and some
soldiers, made a journey up the Minquas Kill for several miles in the
sloop to reconnoitre and to establish connections with the Indians. He
also went some distance on foot into the woods with his followers, but
“saw no sign of Christian people.” Soon after Minuit’s return to the
ships several Indian chiefs, probably with a large following, appeared,
attracted by the reports of the Swedish cannon. A conference about the
sale of land was immediately arranged. Small gifts were distributed
to the chiefs, and they “were asked if they were willing to sell the
[Minquas] River and as many day’s journey of the land lying about it as
would be requested. This the chiefs agreed to with the common consent
of the different Indian Nations.” On the twenty-ninth of March, 1638,
five sachems, Mattahorn, Mitatsimint, Erupacken (probably the same as
Elupacken), Mahomen and Chiton, “appointed by the whole assembly”, were
invited into Minuit’s cabin on the _Kalmar Nyckel_, where they
sold as much “of the land in all parts and places of the river, up
the river and on both sides, as Minuit desired.” Deeds were prepared
in Dutch and their contents were explained to the Indians by Andreas
Lucassen, the interpreter. “For value received in merchandise the
Indians ceded and transferred the title of the land with all its
jurisdictions and rights to the Swedish Florida Company under the
protection of the great Princess, Virgin and Elected Queen of the
Swedes, Goths and Wends.” When the Indian chiefs had traced their totem
marks on the documents, and Peter Minuit, Måns Kling, Henrick Huygen,
Andreas Lucassen and Jacob Evertssen Sandelin had signed their names
below, the merchandise specified in the contracts was distributed
among the Indians, who in turn, to legalize the sale, presented beaver
skins and _sewant_ to the Swedes. The deeds are now lost, but
the extent of the purchase can be ascertained from other documents.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account