The tribes and castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Volume 2 (of 4)Crooke, William
History
The tribes and castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Volume 2 (of 4)
Crooke, William
Caste -- India -- History; Hindus -- India; Tribes -- India -- History
[Social customs.] 6. They do not eat the turnip (shalgham). They will
not touch a Dhobi, Bhangi, Chamâr, or Kori. They eat the flesh of
goats, sheep, hare, deer, water-birds, and fish; they will not eat the
monkey, cow, pig, fowl, crocodile, snake, lizard, rat, or other vermin.
Intoxicating liquors are forbidden; bhang and gânja are used, but
excess is reprobated.
[Occupation.] 7. Their occupation is agriculture; they do not hold land
as zamîndârs but as tenants, and some work as field labourers. They
practice no handicraft.
DISTRIBUTION OF THE BHOTIYAS ACCORDING TO THE CENSUS OF 1891.
==============+========
District. | Number.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+~~~~~~~~
Muzaffarnagar | 1
Gorakhpur | 6
Kumâun | 7,270
Garhwâl | 174
Tarâi | 6
+~~~~~~~~
Total | 7,457
==============+========
Bhuînhâr—(Sanskrit Bhûmi, “land,” kâra, “maker”).—An important tribe of
landowners and agriculturists in the Eastern Districts. They are also
known as Bâbhan, Zamîndâr Brâhman, Grihasth Brâhman, or Pachhima, or
“Western” Brâhmans. They must, of course, be very carefully
distinguished from the Dravidian Bhuînhâr or Bhuiyâr tribe, of whom
some account has been given in a separate article.
[Origin of tribe.] 2. One story of their origin is that when Parasurâma
destroyed the Kshatriya race, he set up in their place the descendants
of Brâhmans, who, after a time, having abandoned their priestly
functions, took to land-owning. Another story tells that a King of
Ajudhya being childless, sought to obtain an heir by the sacrifice of a
Brâhman, and purchased the son of the Rishi Jamadagni for that purpose.
The uncle of the child, the sage Viswamitra, procured a child for the
Râja, and the sacrifice was rendered unnecessary; but the Brâhman boy
having been sold was considered degraded, and was forced to take to
agriculture, and became the ancestor of the Bhuînhârs. This, as Mr.
Risley says, is the famous legend of Sunahsephas in another form. [68]
“A third legend, perhaps the best known of all, traces the Bâbhans back
to a sacrifice offered by Jarasandha, King of Magadha, at which a very
large number of Brâhmans, some say a lakh and-a-quarter, were required
to be present. Jarasandha’s Dîwân, a Kâyasth of the Amisht or Karan
sub-caste, did his best to meet the demand, but was driven to eke out
the local supply by distributing sacred threads among members of the
lower castes, and palming them off on the King as genuine Brâhmans.
Jarasandha’s suspicions being roused by the odd appearance of some of
the guests, the Dîwân was compelled to guarantee their respectability
by eating the food which they had cooked, while the Brâhmans thus
manufactured had to set up a caste of their own, the name of which
(Bâbhan or Bâhman) is popularly supposed to mean a sham Brâhman, just
as in some districts an inferior Râjput is called a Râwat, the
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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