The Useful Arts Employed in the Construction of Dwelling Houses. Second EditionAnonymous
History
The Useful Arts Employed in the Construction of Dwelling Houses. Second Edition
Anonymous
Architecture, Domestic; Building materials; Dwellings -- Design and construction
Terrace Roofs.
_Terrace roofs_ have been much used in and about London. They are
formed of thin arches of tiles and cement, supported on cast-iron
bearers or ribs, which are placed about three feet apart. The arch is
composed of three courses of common plain tiles, bedded in fine cement
without sand. In laying the tiles, laths or small slips of wood are
used, resting on temporary bearers between the iron ribs; the laths
being shifted as the work advances, in the course of about half an hour
after the tiles are laid. Particular attention is required in bonding
the tiles both ways; and they are rubbed down closely upon each other,
much in the same manner as a joiner glues a joint. Sometimes these
terrace roofs are coated with a layer of coarse gravel, and then with
nine inches of good soil, so as to form a terrace garden. The roofs of
two taverns at Hungerford Market are formed of these cemented tiles.
Asphalte Roofs.
_Asphalte_ or _bitumen_ has come into use as a material for roofs. It
had been employed for various purposes in France for many years, but
did not attract much attention till within the last eight or ten years.
It is now in very general use in that country for foot pavements, flat
roofs, and water-cistern linings; and in England it has also been
a good deal used for the same purposes, and for barn-flooring. The
particular modes in which it is employed for floors and pavements we
need not here consider, but it has been used for roofs in the following
manner. Mr. Pocock has patented a “flexible Asphaltic roofing,”
intended to supersede the use of slates, tiles, zinc, thatch, &c.,
in the covering and lining of farm-buildings, sheds, cottages, and
other erections; and it is approved for its durability, lightness, and
economy. The weight of this material being only sixty pounds to the
square of one hundred feet, the walls and timbers to support it need to
be but half the usual substance; it is also a non-conductor of heat,
impervious to damp, and will bear a heat of two hundred and twenty
degrees without injury. This peculiar material is said to be formed of
asphalte mixed with the refuse felt of hat manufactories, compressed
into thin plates.
Scotch Fir Roofs.
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