The Vedanta-Sutras with the Commentary by Sankaracarya: Sacred Books of the East, Volume 1
Religion
The Vedanta-Sutras with the Commentary by Sankaracarya: Sacred Books of the East, Volume 1
Vedanta
According to Ramanuja the Sutras 11-17 constitute a single adhikara/n/a
whose subject is the same as that of /S/a@nkara's sixth adhikar/n/a.
Sutras 11-13 are, on the whole, explained as by /S/a@nkara; Sutra 12,
however, is said to mean, 'Such attributes as having joy for its head,
&c. are not to be viewed as qualities of Brahman, and therefore not to
be included in every meditation; for if they were admitted as qualities,
difference would be introduced into Brahman's nature, and that would
involve a more or less on Brahman's part.' Sutras 14-17 continue the
discussion of the passage about the priya/s/irastva.--If
priya/s/irastva, &c. are not to be viewed as real qualities of Brahman,
for what purpose does the text mention them?--'Because,' Sutra 14
replies, 'there is no other purpose, Scripture mentions them for the
purpose of pious meditation.'--But how is it known that the Self of
delight is the highest Self? (owing to which you maintain that having
limbs, head, &c. cannot belong to it as attributes.)--'Because,' Sutra
15 replies, 'the term "Self" (atma anandamaya) is applied to it.'--But
in the previous parts of the chapter the term Self (in atma pra/n/amaya,
&c.) is applied to non-Selfs also; how then do you know that in atma
anandamaya it denotes the real Self?--'The term Self,' Sutra 16 replies,
'is employed here to denote the highest Self as in many other passages
(atmaa va idam eka, &c.), as we conclude from the subsequent passage,
viz. he wished, May I be many.'--But, an objection is raised, does not
the context show that the term 'Self,' which in all the preceding
clauses about the pra/n/amaya, &c. denoted something other than the
Self, does the same in anandamaya atman, and is not the context of
greater weight than a subsequent passage?--To this question asked in the
former half of 17 (anvayad iti /k/et) the latter half replies, 'Still it
denotes the Self, owing to the affirmatory statement,' i.e. the fact of
the highest Self having been affirmed in a previous passage also, viz.
II, 1, 'From that Self sprang ether.'
Adhik. IX (18) discusses a minor point connected with the
pra/n/asa/m/vada.--The subject of Adhik. X (19) has been indicated
already above under Adhik. I.--Adhik. XI (20-22) treats of a case of a
contrary nature; in B/ri/. Up. V, 5, Brahman is represented first as
abiding in the sphere of the sun, and then as abiding within the eye; we
therefore, in spite of certain counter-indications, have to do with two
separate vidyas.--Adhik. XII (23) refers to a similar case; certain
attributes of Brahman mentioned in the Ra/n/ayaniya-khila have not to be
introduced into the corresponding Chandogya vidya, because the stated
difference of Brahman's abode involves difference of vidya.--Adhik. XIII
(24) treats of another instance of two vidyas having to be held apart.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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