The Viking Age. Volume 1 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nationsDu Chaillu, Paul B. (Paul Belloni)
History
The Viking Age. Volume 1 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nations
“Gangleri said: ‘Who are the Asynjar?’ Har answered: ‘Frigg is the
highest; she has a very splendid house called _Fensalir_. The second is
Sága, who lives at Sökkvabekk, a large place. The third is Eir; she is
the most skilled healer (= physician). The fourth is Gefjon, who is a
maiden, and those who die as maidens wait upon her. The fifth is Fulla;
she is also a maiden with loose hair, and wears a golden band round her
head; she carries the ashen box of Frigg and takes care of her
shoe-clothes (= shoes and stockings), and partakes in her secret
counsels. Freyja is next in rank to Frigg; she is married to a man
called Ód, their daughter is Hnoss; she is so beautiful that fine and
costly things are called after her—hnoss. Ód went far off and left
Freyja weeping, and her tears are red gold. She has many names; that is
because she called herself by different names when she went among
foreign nations in search of Ód; she is called Mardöll, Hörn, Gefn, and
Sýr. She owns the _Brisinga_ necklace. She is called _Vanadis_ (dis
(goddess) of the Vanir). The seventh is Sjöfn; she applies herself much
to turning the minds of men to love, both males and females; from her
name a loving mind is called _sjafni_. Lofn is so mild and good to
invoke that she gets Allfödr (Odin) or Frigg to allow the marriages of
men, male and female, though they have been forbidden or flatly refused;
from her name is lof (leave), and that which is lofat (= praised) by
men. Vár listens to the oaths of men and the private agreements which
men and women make between themselves; these are called _várar_, and she
punishes those who break them. Vör is wise and asks many questions, so
that nothing can be hidden from her; when a woman knows a thing she is
_vör_ (= aware) of it. Syn guards the door of the hall (Valhalla) and
shuts it to those who are not to enter; therefore when some one denies a
thing he is said to put down _syn_ (= negation, refuse). Hlin has to
guard the men whom Frigg wishes to save from danger. Snotra is wise and
of good manners; a wise man or woman is called _snotr_ from her name.
Gna, Frigg sends into various worlds on her errands; she has a horse
which runs on air and water, called _Hófhvarfnir_ (= hoof-turner)”
(‘Later Edda,’ Gylfaginning, 35).
The gods, it would seem, had it in their power, if not to secure
everlasting life, at least to retain perpetual youth, unlike poor
Tithonus of the well-known Greek myth. It may not be inappropriate to
continue here the legend relating to this. Idun, the wife of Bragi, who
was celebrated for his wisdom and eloquence, kept in a box the apples
which when the gods felt old age approaching they ate in order that they
might keep their youth till Ragnarök.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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