“By means of perfected electric apparatus G. Fritsch and E. Hitzig were enabled to satisfy themselves that the surface of the brain in the rabbit reacted under the influence of the electric current. They then made a series of experiments on dogs, and published results which did not perhaps attract sufficient attention, and which were in opposition to the opinions till then accepted.”--_Art. “Cerveau,” Encyclopédie des Sciences Médicales_, Vol. XIV., 1873, p. 210. =Fubini, Simon.= B. 1841. M.D. Turin; Prof. of Physiol. Univ. of Turin; Prof. Univ. Palermo. Author of “Sulla Condrina, Osservazioni di Moleschott e Fubini, Annotazione sopra la saliva parotidea e sopra il sudore;” “Gemelli xiphoide juncti,” Giornale della R. Accademia di medicina, No. 1 e 2, 1878, &c. Editor of Turin Medical Gazette. =Funke, Otto.= B. at Chemnitz, 1828. Studied Univ. Leipsig, 1846; Prof. Physiol. Leipsig, 1854; Prof. Univ. Freiburg in Breslau, 1860; Mem. Academy of Saxony. Author of “Atlas der physiologischen Chemie,” Leipsig, 1858; last part of “Günther’s Lehrbuch der Physiologie für Akademische Vorlesungen,” Leipsig, 1870; “Lehrbuch der Physiologie,” Leipsig, 1880. =Gamgee, Arthur=, Owen’s Coll., Manchester, and Oaklands, Bowdon, Cheshire. M.D. Edin. (Thesis Gold Medallist), 1862; F.R.C.P. Edin., 1872; M. 1871 (Edin.); F.R.S. London; Brackenbury Professor of Physiol. and Histol. and Dean of Med. Department Owen’s College, Manchester; Exam. in Physiol. Univ. London; late Lecturer on Physiol. Surg. Hall; Physician Roy. Hosp. for Sick Children, and Sen. Pres. Roy. Med. Soc. Edin.; Mem. Assoc. for Advancement of Medicine by Research. Author of “A Text Book of the Physiological Chemistry of the Animal Body,” 1880; Translator and Editor “Hermann’s Elementary Human Physiology;” Joint Editor Journ. of Physiol., Cambridge; also of numerous Papers in various Journs. and Trans. of Learned Socs. _Held a License for Vivisection at Owen’s College, Manchester, in 1878-81-82-83. Certificates for Illustrations of Lectures in 1881-82-83. Certificates for Experiments without Anæsthetics and for Experiments on Cats, Dogs, Horses, Mules or Asses in 1878. No Experiments returned in 1881. No Experiments on Horses, Mules or Asses._ “(Q. 5412.) (Viscount Cardwell.) You are of opinion that in inflicting operations, in themselves very painful, upon living animals, curare ought not to be trusted as taking away sensibility to pain? I should think not. I would add this: I do not believe that physiologists use it for that purpose. It is used in order to eliminate a series of fallacies which obtrude themselves in physiological experiments.”--_Ev. Roy. Com._, London, 1876.