Hand spinning -- India; India -- Economic conditions; Manufactures -- India
The other method of sizing resorted to by the weavers is called
hank-sizing. It is an easy process, and though not so efficient as
brush-sizing, it answers well if carefully performed. In this case the
yarn, before it is made up into a warp, is soaked, hank by hank, into
the size prepared from wheat or rice as described above, and after
pressing off the size a little from the hank with the thumb and a
finger, the hank, wet as it is, is wound up on a bobbin. The warp is
prepared immediately while the bobbin is wet, each thread drying on the
warping sticks as soon as another is drawn out. The warp thus prepared
is fit for weaving.
We have tried hank-sizing in a weak solution of ordinary gum. It works
well in dry season, but makes the yarn moist in wet season on account of
its absorbent quality.
II
THE WHEEL OF FORTUNE
Mr. Gandhi during his visit to Assam and Eastern Bengal has observed,
that the type of _charkha_ in use in those parts is deficient in many
ways. The same is perhaps the case in other provinces. As we believe
that the _charkha_ in the Satyagrahashram is a model of its kind, we
give below a diagram with measurements of all its parts with an
explanation of their relative functions.
[Illustration]
The rear base with mark _1_ is one foot 9 inches long, 4 inches wide and
3 inches high.
The front base with mark _2_ is 9 inches long, 4 inches wide and 3
inches high.
The long piece which joins the two bases, marked _3_, is 3 feet long
(including joints), 3 inches wide and 2 inches high.
The large uprights marked _4_ are 1 foot 6 inches long including joints,
2 inches wide, and 3 inches deep. They are fixed on the back base 9
inches apart. The holes in which the axle rests are made 2 inches below
the top. These holes contain bearings of thin iron plates to secure easy
motion of the axle. The bearings are kept open at the top to allow
access of oil through a slanting hole bored on the outward sides of both
the uprights, one inch above the axle.
The small uprights marked _5_ are 9 inches long with joints 1-1/2 inches
wide and 1-1/2 inches deep, with holes 4 inches below the top to contain
the leather bearings which bear the spindle. They are fixed 3 inches
apart on the front base and are connected together 2 inches above the
base with a piece of a wood of the same thickness. This joining piece
contains in the middle 2 sticks half an inch apart to regulate the
position of the _mala_ (the string which revolves the spindle) on the
spindle.
Another piece marked _6_ and joined parallelly to the left upright is
meant to bear a hole for leather bearing when a thin spindle is to be
used.
The drum or wheel consists of 8 planks such as the one marked _7_, each
being 2 feet long, 4 inches wide and 3/4 inch thick. They are divided in
two wings of 4 planks each, each containing two couples of planks joined
diametrically with a groove in the middle.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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