The Works of Sir Thomas Browne, Volume 2Browne, Thomas, Sir
Religion
The Works of Sir Thomas Browne, Volume 2
Browne, Thomas, Sir
Christianity; Ethics; Religion and medicine
At least the intention was not medical, or such as might oblige unto
conformity or imitation; For some we refrain which that Law alloweth, as
Locusts and many others; and some it prohibiteth, which are accounted
good meat in strict and Medical censure: as (beside many fishes which
have not finns and scales,) the Swine, Cony and Hare, a dainty dish with
the Ancients; as is delivered by _Galen_, testified by _Martial_ [SN:
Inter quadrupedes mattya prima Lepus.], as the popular opinion implied,
that men grew fair by the flesh thereof: by the diet of _Cato_, that is
Hare and Cabbage; and the _Jus nigrum_, or Black broath of the
_Spartans_, which was made with the blood and bowels of an Hare.
And if we take a view of other Nations, we shall discover that they
refrained many meats upon the like considerations. For in some the
abstinence was symbolical; so _Pythagoras_ enjoyned abstinence from
fish: that is, luxurious and dainty dishes; So according to _Herodotus_,
some _Egyptians_ refrained swines flesh, as an impure and sordid animal:
which whoever but touched, was fain to wash himself.
Some abstained superstitiously or upon religious consideration: So the
_Syrians_ refrained Fish and Pigeons; the _Egyptians_ of old, Dogs,
Eeles and Crocodiles; though _Leo Africanus_ delivers, that many of
late, do eat them with good gust: and _Herodotus_ also affirmeth, that
the _Egyptians_ of _Elephantina_ (unto whom they were not sacred,) did
eat thereof in elder times: and Writers testify, that they are eaten at
this day in _India_ and _America_. And so, as _Cæsar_ reports, [SN: Lib.
3. de bello Gall.] unto the ancient _Britains_ it was piaculous to tast
a Goose, which dish at present no table is without.
Unto some Nations the abstinence was political and for some civil
advantage: So the _Thessalians_ refrained Storks, because they destroyed
their Serpents; and the like in sundry animals is observable in other
Nations.
And under all these considerations were some animals refrained: so the
_Jews_ abstained from swine at first symbolically, as an Emblem of
impurity; and not for fear of the Leprosie, as _Tacitus_ would put upon
them. The _Cretians_ superstitiously, upon tradition that _Jupiter_ was
suckled in that countrey by a Sow. Some _Egyptians_ politically, because
they supplyed the labour of plowing by rooting up the ground. And upon
like considerations perhaps the _Phœnicians_ and _Syrians_ fed not on
this Animal: and as _Solinus_ reports, the _Arabians_ also and
_Indians_. A great part of mankind refraining one of the best foods, and
such as _Pythagoras_ himself would eat; who, as _Aristoxenus_ records
[SN: _Aul. Gell._ lib. 4.], refused not to feed on Pigs.
[Sidenote: _Certain dishes in great request with the Ancients, not so
much esteemed now._]
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