The world which we enter through the portal of sleep presents such obvious
and serious limitations that we are apt to under-estimate its real
richness and variety. In some respects, indeed, we can accomplish in sleep
what is beyond our reach awake. Thus it sometimes happens that we reason
better in sleep than when awake, that we may find in dreams the solutions
of difficulties which escape us awake, and that we may remember things
which, when awake, we had forgotten. But even within the ordinary range
of experience, it is interesting to note that our dreams contain the same
elements as our waking life. The sensory activities which stir us during
the day are equally active, though in strange transformations, in the
world of dreams.
It is probable that all the senses may furnish the medium through which
stimuli may reach sleeping consciousness; though touch and hearing are
doubtless the main channels to dream life. The eyes are closed, so that
while the chief parts of our dream life are in terms of vision, direct
visual stimuli can only be a very dim and uncertain influence. But no
sense is absolutely excluded from activity in dreams.[57]
Heat or cold sensations and pressure sensations, as well as their
anaesthetic absence, undoubtedly play an important part in explaining
various kinds of dreams. They do not necessarily result in rememberable
dreams, even although it is possible that they still affect the current of
sleeping consciousness. It is possible to press and massage the body of
a sleeper all over, gently but firmly, without interrupting sleep. When
the pressure reaches a considerable degree of vigour, the sleeper may
move a muscle, perhaps the lips, even an arm, may go so far as to half
wake and move the whole body. All these movements suggest that they have
accompaniments on the psychic side, yet, on finally awakening, the sleeper
may be unable to recall any memory of the occurrence, or any vestige of a
dream.
In a certain proportion of cases, however, a dream results. Thus a lady
dreams that, with a number of other people, she is on board a ship which
is rocking heavily, and on awakening she finds that her large dog is on
the bed, vigorously scratching himself. The ship has clearly been the
theory invented by sleeping consciousness to account for the unfamiliar
sensations of movement.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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