A—_Vyakta_, external state. U—_Antar_, internal state. M—_Avyakta_, unmanifested. _Om Ananta_, Infinity. IV. _Viswa_, the visible world. _Taijasa_, the thinking soul. _Pragná_, Consciousness. _Turíya_, Omniscience. XIII. THE PENTADS &C., OF _Om_. [Sidenote: The Pentads of Om.] The quintuples of om are composed of five letters or divisions of the symbolical circle, standing for so many different things each of which forms a part of the whole, and is called an _Om_. The five parts are, A, U, M, O and the _náda_—the nasal half circle above. [Sidenote: 1. The Five Vital Airs. पञ्च प्राणाः ।] Respiration, flatulence, circulation, pulsation and assimilation, commonly known by the names of _Prána_, _Apána_, _Vyána_, _Udána_ and _Samána_. [Sidenote: 2. The Five Caverns. पञ्च कोषाः ।] _Pancha koshas_ or sheaths of the soul, folding one over the other “like the coats of an onion”. 1. The sheath of the intellect. 2. The sheath of the mind. 3. The sheath of breathing. 4. The subtle and corporeal bodies. 5. The sheath of Supreme bliss, not admitted by all. (बिज्ञानमय, मनोमय, प्राणमय, अन्नमय, आनन्दमय कोषाः ।) [Sidenote: 3. The Five Internal organs, senses and their objects. पञ्च ज्ञानेन्द्रियाणि ।] The ear, eye, skin, nose and tongue, of hearing, sight, feeling, smell and taste. Their five objects—sound, colour, touch, savour and smell. (श्रोत्रत्वक् चक्षु जिह्व घ्राणानि तथा शब्द स्पर्षरूप रसगन्धानि ।) [Sidenote: 4. The Five external Do. पञ्च कर्म्मेन्द्रियानि ।] The voice, hands, feet, the organs of generation and secretion are organs of action. बाक्पाणि पाद पायूपस्थानि बहिरिन्द्रियाणि । पूर्ब्बोक्तानि अन्तर बा बुद्धीन्द्रियाणि । [Sidenote: 5. The Five Elements. पञ्च भूतानि ।] Earth, air, fire, water and ether. क्षित्यप् तेजो मरुद्व्योम पञ्च महाभूतानि । [Sidenote: 6. The Five classes of Ignorance.] 1. Obscurity (तमस्), 2. Illusion(मोह), 3. Extreme illusion(महामोहः), 4. Gloom (तमिस्र), 5. Utter gloom (अन्ध तमसः). [Sidenote: 1. The six letters of Hexads or sextuples.] The sextuples of _Om_ are composed of _a_, _u_, _o_, _m_, the _Vindu_, cypher, and the _náda_; and according to another account, the _Ardha mátrá_ of Om is the fourth and the _Vindu_ and _náda_ the fifth and sixth _aksharas_. (Weber’s Ráma Tapaníya p. p. 292, & 312. Cowell’s Maitrí Up. p. 271). [Sidenote: 2. The 6 Organs.] The five organs of sense; _viz_ the nose, tongue, the eye, ear, skin and the mind. (Gotama Sutra I. 1, 12). But according to others the mind is not reckoned an organ. [Sidenote: 3. Other Sextuples] The six seasons (षडृतवः), the six flavours (षड्रसाः), the six musical modes (षड्रागः), the six Vedángas; but I never met a passage of their being preceded by _Om_. [Sidenote: 1. The Heptads or Septuples.]